This article details a practice protocol for the examination and reporting of specimens removed from patients with carcinoma of the urinary bladder, ureter, renal pelvis, or urethra. It was created by a multidisciplinary task force of pathologists and oncologists established by the Cancer Committee of the College of American Pathologists. Documentation for the protocol was obtained from the previously published protocol, the medical literature, personal experience, and consultation with colleagues. After creation and review by the task force, the protocol was sent to 1000 randomly selected practicing pathologists as a survey. Their comments and suggestions were addressed in the final version. The protocol was approved by the Board of Governors of the College of American Pathologists.