Management of phrenic nerve stimulation caused by epicardial pacemaker leads in children

Ann Thorac Surg. 2003 Nov;76(5):1757-8. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(03)00557-5.

Abstract

To find a suitable site with good sensing and low pacing thresholds, it may be necessary to place an epicardial pacemaker lead in close proximity to the phrenic nerve. To prevent phrenic stimulation, a silastic patch can be sewn over the area of the pacing electrode to shield it from the nerve. This simple technique prevents diaphragm contraction and has not interfered with long-term pacemaker lead function.

MeSH terms

  • Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / methods*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Electric Stimulation / adverse effects
  • Electrodes, Implanted*
  • Equipment Failure
  • Equipment Safety
  • Humans
  • Phrenic Nerve*
  • Respiratory Paralysis / prevention & control*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Sensitivity and Specificity