Effects of verbal and physical prompts on external strategy use in children with and without mild mental retardation

Am J Ment Retard. 2003 Jul;108(4):245-56. doi: 10.1352/0895-8017(2003)108<245:EOVAPP>2.0.CO;2.

Abstract

Effects of type of prompt on the use of external strategies were examined. Participants were 7-, 9-, 11-, and 17-year-old children without mental retardation and 11- and 17-year-old children with mental retardation (N = 272). They were given a task requiring memory for object placement and assigned to one of four conditions: no prompt, verbal prompt, physical prompt, verbal and physical prompt. In the physical and verbal prompt condition, 17-year-old children with mental retardation used strategies at the same rate as 17-year-old children without mental retardation. Eleven-year-old children with mental retardation used similar types of strategies as the 7-year-old children without mental retardation. Thus, strategy use of older children with mental retardation may be activated to the same level of children without mental retardation with prompts.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Child
  • Child Development
  • Disabled Children*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intellectual Disability / diagnosis
  • Intellectual Disability / psychology*
  • Intelligence
  • Internal-External Control
  • Male
  • Mental Recall*
  • Problem Solving*
  • Task Performance and Analysis