Mammalian spermatozoa have been used recently to model the study of rapid, non-genomic effects of progesterone on cell. Our study used progesterone-BSA-fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugate to indicate the presence of a progesterone receptor on the surface of >90% of a goat sperm population. The sperm possessed the receptor at 0 h and capacitation had no modulating effect on the number of sperm responsive to P-BSA-FITC. Although a decrease in receptor bearing cells was observed during the course of capacitation, the effect may have been due to the induction of acrosome reaction (AR) by the conjugate. This decrease was blocked by the pre-treatment of the spermatozoa with EGTA. Binding of conjugate occurred at the apical portion of the acrosome and at the post-acrosomal region in all the sperm, possibly mediating sperm functions other than the acrosome reaction. The P-BSA-FITC treated cells showed a single peak in a flow cytometer suggesting that the sperm population was homogeneous. Competition studies with free progesterone and GABA with P-BSA-FITC confirmed that the binding was specific and that progesterone mediated its action via a GABA(A)/Cl(-) channel complex akin to the one present in neuronal cells.
Copyright 2002 Elsevier Science B.V.