Increases in respiration, particularly via the alternative pathway, are observed in response to chilling. These increases result in increased heat evolution. We have measured increases in heat evolution in response to chilling in a number of plant species using a microcalorimeter. After 8 h of exposure to 8[deg]C, heat evolution in a variety of chilling-sensitive species increased 47 to 98%. No increase in heat evolution was seen with the extremely chilling-sensitive ornamental Episcia cupreata Hook. Heat evolution increased only 7 to 22% in the chilling-resistant species. Increases in heat evolution were observed when plants were chilled in constant light or in the dark, but not when plants were chilled at high humidity. Increased capacity to produce respiratory heat after exposure to chilling temperatures may contribute to the cold-acclimation process.