The incidence of primary malignant tumors in both the larynx and the bronchial system has been studied in the autopsy material of the Institute of Pathology, University of Zurich. In a total of 29,849 autopsies performed from 1960 to 1972, carcinomas of the bronchus were found in 1382 patients (4.6%) and carcinomas of the larynx in 214 patients (0.7%). 17 patients had primary carcinomas in both the larynx and the bronchus. The coexistence of both these carcinomas is about twice as frequent as their calculated chance combination. The importance of appropriate clinical examination of patients with lung or larynx carcinoma is accordingly stressed.