Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and HIV infection are frequently coincident. The diagnosis of PID can be more difficult to make in HIV-infected than in uninfected women. In general, HIV-infected women with PID have a good response to standard intravenous antibiotic therapy. However, surgical therapy is more frequently required for HIV-infected women with PID, especially those with more severe degrees of immunosuppression, than for uninfected women.