With the exception of signs of retraction and withdrawal, there have been few morphological data concerning degenerated neural profiles in adult motor endplates. Here, investigation into the ultrastructure of the soleus motor endplates of adult rats (4 months old) turned up particular axonal degeneration in approximately 3% of the subjects. These axons occur as synaptic debris in the synaptic matrix of the motor endplate, adjacent to thin processes of the perisynaptic cells occupying the outermost layer of the motor endplate and were devoid of basal lamina. They often possessed dense-cored vesicles (50-80 nm). Axonal debris released from Schwann cell processes occurred during the period of acute sciatic neurectomy, when nerve terminals progressively disrupted within the motor endplate-associated Schwann cells. Finally, immunohistochemical staining for antibodies to label macrophages (ED1 or ED2) has shown that nerve fiber-associated macrophages are located near the motor endplate. The results suggest that during the course of endplate remodeling, a few parts of the terminal branches are disposed of through spontaneous collapse, subsequent release from the Schwann cell investment, and eventual ingestion by macrophages in the perisynaptic space.