PMC

Spline curves relating mean RNFL and mean GC-IPL of bilateral eyes with global cognition (MoCA-T score) from generalized additive models (GAMs, n = 227). All models were adjusted for age, sex, years of education, apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene ε4 status, Center for Epidemiological Studies—Depression (CES-D) score, history of diabetes and hypertension, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Numbers in bold indicate significant findings (P value < .05). Abbreviations: MoCA-T, Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Taiwanese version; RNFL, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness; GC-IPL, ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thickness.

Nonlinear association of sectorial GC-IPL with global cognition and logical memory (n = 227). Global cognition is represented as the original MoCA-T score. Logical memory scores were standardized as Z scores. R: Right eye; L: left eye. Mean-centered GC-IPL, [(GC-IPL) – mean(GC-IPL)]², was used as the quadratic term. All linear regression models were adjusted for age, sex, years of education, apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene ε4 status, Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression (CES-D) score, history of diabetes and hypertension, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) signal strength of each eye was additionally adjusted in the models for unilateral eye data. Numbers in bold indicate significant findings (P value < .05). *Significant findings (P value < .05). Abbreviations: GC-IPL, ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thickness; CI, confidence interval; MoCA-T, Montreal Cognitive Assessment—Taiwanese version.