(A) The experimental setup in which a Hall device, coated with a self-assembled organic monolayer, is placed in solution with a G electrode and an inert electrolyte. When an electric potential VG is applied between the G electrode and the device, the ionic solution is polarized, so that an electric field acts on the adsorbed molecules. As a result, the molecules are polarized because of charge reorganization (partial charges q+ and q−), inducing a charge displacement in the surface region of the device. Because the charge polarization is accompanied by spin polarization (red balls with black arrows in C), a magnetic field that acts on the electrons flowing between the S and D electrodes is also created. The Hall potential VH, which is formed as a result of the spin magnetization, can be measured as a function of VG. (B) A schematic diagram illustrating the electrical operation of the device, where ISD indicates the applied S–D current, VG is the gate voltage, and VH is the differential Hall potential across the conductive channel. (C) A scheme describing the spin polarization. When an electric field is applied on a chiral molecule (via VG), it induces charge reorganization in the molecule, resulting in spin polarization.