PMC

Monetary Incentive Delay task: an example of a successful large reward trial displaying all events and durations in the trial.

Correlation (Spearman's rank) between fMRI response strength and subclinical negative symptoms in siblings (N = 88) in the medial frontal gyrus (MFG) during the anticipation phase (large reward).

Inner panel: Group differences during anticipation of reward (ANCOVA; N = 151) depicted on an anatomical scan of one of the control participants (p < 0.05, cluster-level corrected). Outer panel: The difference in percent signal change between small and large rewards in these regions for siblings (N = 94) and controls (N = 57). MFG, medial frontal gyrus; PCC, posterior cingulate cortex.

Upper panel: The whole-brain group effects during win trials in the reward consumption phase (ANCOVA; N = 151) displayed on an anatomical scan of one of the control participants (p < 0.05, cluster-level corrected). Lower panel: Group differences (% signal change) between siblings (N = 94) and controls (N = 57) during consumption of reward in the regions with a whole-brain group effect. MFG, medial frontal gyrus; PCC, posterior cingulate cortex.

Brain activation patterns for the whole-brain overall task effect (reward trials > control trials; whole-brain GLM; N = 151) shown on an anatomical scan of one of the control participants (A) in the reward anticipation phase for overall reward (small and large reward together), (B) in the reward consumption phase (win trials > controls trials; N = 151). VS, ventral striatum; ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; VTA, ventral tegmental area; SN, substantia nigra; mPFC, medial prefrontal cortex; dlPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.