PMC

A. Cells over-expressing miR-137 form smaller tumours than cells over-expressing scrambled miRNA. B. Tumour weight is markedly reduced after miR-137 over-expression C. as is tumour volume compared to controls. Scale bar, 1 cm.

A.-C. Expression level of p53 is increased in mammary gland tissue and MDA-MB-231 cells after over-expressing miR-137. D. A luciferase assay result indicating that Tac1 is a direct target of miR-137.

A., B. The signal intensity converted to log2 is reflected in the color scale such that dark green, green and red show low, medium and strong miRNA expression, respectively. The dendrogram on the left shows hierarchical similarity. C. Microarray data sorting for protein-coding genes related to mammary gland development.

A.-F. Sinusoidal endothelial cell marker CD31 is reduced after miR-137 over-expression. G.-L. Over-expressed miR-137 inhibits VEGF expression. M.-R. vWF expression is decreased in breast cancer after over-expression of miR-137 in MDA-MB-231. S.-X. Tumour suppressor Runx3 expression is substantially increased after miR-137 treatment. Y. The area of CD31, VEGF, vWF and Runx3 expression in the scramble miRNA and miR-137 over-expression group (n = 7 for each). IHC staining positive areas Scale bar, 100 μm.

A., B. HE staining of sections of mammary glands that developed after miR-137 over-expression, shows that normal invasion has not taken place although the placode has thickened. C., D. EGFP IHC indicates that scrambled miRNA and miR-137 have been successfully over-expressed. E.-H. Gata3 expression is disrupted by over-expressed miR-137. I.-L. MiR-137 over-expression alters Tac1 expression. (M-T) Expression patterns of the mammary gland markers, Tbx3 and Lef1, are changed after miR-137 treatment. Arrows, mammary bud. Arrowheads, ectopic Tac1 expression. Asterisk, disrupted Tac1 expression region ; FL, fore limb; HL, hind limb; Scale bar, A-D, G, H, K, L, O, P, S, T, 100 μm; E, F, I, J, M, N, Q, R, 1 mm.