PMC

PRISMA 2009 flow diagram.

(A) Risk of bias graph. (B) Risk of bias summary.

(A) Treatments compared with EXE (pain score). (B) Treatments compared with EXE (CMS). ACU = acupuncture therapy, COR = corticosteroid injection, DF = diacutaneous fibrolysis therapy, EXE = routine exercise treatment, HYA = hyaluronate injection, KT = kinesio taping therapy, LLLT = low-level laser therapy, MAN = manual therapy, MWD = microwave diathermy therapy, NON = no treatment/placebo, NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection, PEMF = pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, rESWT = radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy, SE = specific exercise therapy, US = ultrasound therapy.

(A) Network 1: Nonoperative treatments (pain score). (B) Network 2: Nonoperative treatments (CMS). (C) Network 3: Operative treatments (pain score). (D) Network 4: Operative treatments (CMS). Note: the size of the circle represents the number of patients; the thickness of the edge represents the number of studies. ACU = acupuncture therapy, ASD = routine arthroscopic subacromial decompression, COR = corticosteroid injection, DF = diacutaneous fibrolysis therapy, EXE = routine exercise treatment, KT = kinesio taping therapy, LLLT = low-level laser therapy, NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection, OSD = open subacromial decompression, PEMF = pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, PLG = platelet-leukocyte gel injection, RF = radiofrequency therapy, SE = specific exercise therapy, US = ultrasound therapy.

(A) SUCRA for nonoperative treatments (pain score). (B) SUCRA for nonoperative treatments (CMS). (C) SUCRA for operative treatments (pain score). (D) SUCRA for operative treatments (CMS). Note: The area under the curve represents the cumulative rank probability of each treatment, with larger areas signifying higher probabilities. ACU = acupuncture therapy, ASD = routine arthroscopic subacromial decompression, COR = corticosteroid injection, DF = diacutaneous fibrolysis therapy, EXE = routine exercise treatment, HYA = hyaluronate injection, KT = kinesio taping therapy, LLLT = low-level laser therapy, MAN = manual therapy, MWD = microwave diathermy therapy, NON = no treatment/placebo, NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection, onlyBUR = arthroscopic bursectomy without acromioplasty, OSD = open subacromial decompression, PEMF = pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, PLG = platelet-leukocyte gel injection, rESWT = radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy, RF = radiofrequency therapy, SE = specific exercise therapy, US = ultrasound therapy.

(A) SUCRA for nonoperative treatments (pain score). (B) SUCRA for nonoperative treatments (CMS). (C) SUCRA for operative treatments (pain score). (D) SUCRA for operative treatments (CMS). Note: The area under the curve represents the cumulative rank probability of each treatment, with larger areas signifying higher probabilities. ACU = acupuncture therapy, ASD = routine arthroscopic subacromial decompression, COR = corticosteroid injection, DF = diacutaneous fibrolysis therapy, EXE = routine exercise treatment, HYA = hyaluronate injection, KT = kinesio taping therapy, LLLT = low-level laser therapy, MAN = manual therapy, MWD = microwave diathermy therapy, NON = no treatment/placebo, NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection, onlyBUR = arthroscopic bursectomy without acromioplasty, OSD = open subacromial decompression, PEMF = pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, PLG = platelet-leukocyte gel injection, rESWT = radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy, RF = radiofrequency therapy, SE = specific exercise therapy, US = ultrasound therapy.

(A) SUCRA for nonoperative treatments (pain score). (B) SUCRA for nonoperative treatments (CMS). (C) SUCRA for operative treatments (pain score). (D) SUCRA for operative treatments (CMS). Note: The area under the curve represents the cumulative rank probability of each treatment, with larger areas signifying higher probabilities. ACU = acupuncture therapy, ASD = routine arthroscopic subacromial decompression, COR = corticosteroid injection, DF = diacutaneous fibrolysis therapy, EXE = routine exercise treatment, HYA = hyaluronate injection, KT = kinesio taping therapy, LLLT = low-level laser therapy, MAN = manual therapy, MWD = microwave diathermy therapy, NON = no treatment/placebo, NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection, onlyBUR = arthroscopic bursectomy without acromioplasty, OSD = open subacromial decompression, PEMF = pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, PLG = platelet-leukocyte gel injection, rESWT = radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy, RF = radiofrequency therapy, SE = specific exercise therapy, US = ultrasound therapy.

(A) Rank probability of nonoperative treatments (pain score). (B) Rank probability of nonoperative treatments (CMS). (C) Rank probability of operative treatments (pain score). (D) Rank probability of operative treatments (CMS). Note: 1. Different gray scales represent different ranks, with rank 1 representing the best and rank n representing the worst. 2. Each treatment has a sum of 1.0 for all its possible rank probabilities. 3. The darkness of each bar represents the effectiveness of the corresponding treatment, with darker shades signifying better effectiveness. ACU = acupuncture therapy, ASD = routine arthroscopic subacromial decompression, COR = corticosteroid injection, DF = diacutaneous fibrolysis therapy, EXE = routine exercise treatment, HYA = hyaluronate injection, KT = kinesio taping therapy, LLLT = low-level laser therapy, MAN = manual therapy, MWD = microwave diathermy therapy, NON = no treatment/placebo, NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injection, onlyBUR = arthroscopic bursectomy without acromioplasty, OSD = open subacromial decompression, PEMF = pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, PLG = platelet-leukocyte gel injection, rESWT = radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy, RF = radiofrequency therapy, SE = specific exercise therapy, US = ultrasound therapy.