PMC

Comparisons of pre- and posttest student performance on each of the BEDCI questions (n = 580 student). Numbers on the x-axis are BEDCI question numbers, organized by core concepts. Statistical significance was calculated using chi-square goodness-of-fit tests. Plus symbol (+): significantly more students provided expert-like answers in the posttest; minus symbol (–): significantly fewer students provided expert-like answers in the posttest.