PMC

Effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of broccoli florets on the inhibition of (A) NF-κB-luciferase activity and (B) I-κBα degradation in LPS (100 ng/mL)-induced in RAW 264.7 cells (Western blot analysis). Values with different letters (a–f) are significantly different at P<0.05 according to Duncan’s multiple range test.

Effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of broccoli florets on iNOS protein levels in LPS (100 ng/mL)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. (A) Immunoblotting analysis of iNOS protein, (B) relative levels of iNOS protein (normalized to β-actin). Values with different letters (a–e) are significantly different at P<0.05 according to Duncan’s multiple range test.

Effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of broccoli florets on iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA levels in LPS (100 ng/mL)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. (A) RT-PCR analysis of mRNA transcripts, (B) relative levels of mRNA expression (normalized to β-actin). Values with different letters (a–f) are significantly different at P<0.05 according to Duncan’s multiple range test.

Cell viability (□) and inhibitory activity of nitric oxide production (-•-) by LPS (100 ng/mL)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells treated with an 80% methanol extract and organic solvent fractions of broccoli florets. (A) 80% methanol extract, (B) n-hexane fraction, (C) ethyl acetate fraction, (D) n-butanol fraction, (E) distilled water fraction. Values with different letters (A–F, a–g) are significantly different at P<0.05 according to Duncan’s multiple range test.