PMC

Displayed are mean (± standard error of the mean) flow-mediated dilation (n = 1320), nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (n = 559), hyperemic flow velocity (n = 1239), and lnPAT ratio (n = 497) by the four study groups: controls without CAD or PAD, CAD alone, PAD alone, and PAD combined with CAD. Overall ANOVA p < 0.01 for all four measures. The p-values detailed in the figure are from post hoc between-group testing by Tukey’s test.