a Cartoon showing the action of unfractionated heparin (UFH) on the traditional coagulation cascades, the width of the black dotted arrow denotes the strength of action. The action of natural inhibitors AT and TFPI are indicated by gray dotted arrows. The width of the arrow denotes the strength of action. a activated factor, AT antithrombin III, F factor, HMWK high-molecular-weight kallikrein, KK kallikrein, LMWH low-molecular-weight heparin, PKK prekallikrein, TF tissue factor, TFPI tissue factor plasma inhibitor. b Cartoon showing the action of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on the traditional coagulation cascades, the width of the black arrow denotes the strength of action. The action of natural inhibitors AT and TFPI are indicated by gray dotted arrows. The width of the arrow denotes the strength of action. a activated factor, AT antithrombin III, F factor, HMWK high-molecular-weight kallikrein, KK kallikrein, LMWH low-molecular-weight heparin, PKK prekallikrein, TF tissue factor, TFPI tissue factor plasma inhibitor