PMC

Attenuation coefficients for the reclassified tissue specimens.

Modified cepstrum slopes for the reclassified tissue specimens.

Peak densities in the 20-80 MHz band of through-transmission spectra from tissue specimens.

Attenuation coefficients from through-transmission data of tissue specimens, classified by pathology type.

Modified cepstrum slopes from pulse-echo data of tissue specimens, classified by pathology type.

Peak densities in the 20-80 MHz band for the reclassified tissue specimens.

Photograph of aluminum test fixture with instrumentation (a) and surgical margin in plastic re-sealable bag (b).

Ultrasonic waveforms from through-transmission (a) and pulse-echo (b) measurements of surgical tissue specimens. Amplitudes have been normalized and offset for comparison.

Simulated peak densities in the 20-80 MHz spectral band for a layered cylinder model. Model consisted of arbitrarily oriented layered cylinders with a fluid-filled (benign or soft) or solid-filled (atypical or malignant) lumen.

Aluminum test fixture (a) and operation modes (b-c) used to position specimens and collect ultrasonic measurements. In the pulse-echo mode (c), the receive transducer functions as a specular reflection surface for the ultrasonic waves.

Ultrasonic spectra from through-transmission (a) and pulse-echo (b) measurements of surgical tissue specimens. Amplitudes have been normalized and offset for comparison. Note the increase in spectral structure (peaks and valleys) from FA to normal to LCIS, representing an increase in the ultrasonic parameter peak density.

Multivariate analysis of peak density and attenuation parameters in ultrasonic data. (a) Non-rotated plot of attenuation vs. peak density. (b) Rotated and translated plot of attenuation vs. peak density, showing the use of parabolic and linear curves for the classification boundaries. F = fat necrosis - fibroadenoma - tubular adenoma. B = benign pathology. N = normal breast tissue. M = malignant breast tissue.