PMC

Therapy strategies challenging gut microbes. The discovery of the role of intestinal microbiota on the control of metabolic diseases opens numerous therapeutic strategies such as prebiotics, probiotics, and immune modulation. It also allows the generation of biomarker strategies to set predictive profiles, to classify and to stratify the patients and the corresponding metabolic and cardiovascular diseases

Multiple-sited impact of gut microbiota on whole host metabolism. Gut microbes have been shown or proposed to have an impact on adipose tissue and liver fat storage, skeletal muscle energy metabolism, fat liver metabolism and hepatic steatosis, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), tissue lipid composition in the retina lens, periodontitis, behavior and motor activity, and enteroendocrine metabolism. The precise bacteria involved remained to be determined and should be the basis of present and future discoveries

The inflammatory burn: gut microbiota dysbiosis and the origin of metabolic impairments. The origin of metabolic diseases is multifactorial but the impact of deleterious feeding habits is certainly the major factor responsible. This directly modifies intestinal ecology and we first showed that upon an increased intestinal permeability it led to an increased circulating concentration of LPS from Gram-negative bacteria of intestinal origin [, ] called metabolic endotoxemia. The inflammatory factors LPS and other bacterial fragments can translocate toward target tissues such as the blood, the liver, and the adipose depots or the arterial wall to interfere with cells from the immune system to generate the chronic low-grade inflammation required for the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases