PMC

Structures of the active constituents isolated from S. chinensis.

Putative immuno-regulatory effects of S. chinensis and its constituents on THP-1 cells.

Expression of MIP-1β and IL-8 mRNAs in THP-1 cells treated with various concentrations (μM) of (A) schizandrin (Sch) and (B) gomisin A (Gom A) as determined by RT-PCR analysis. The findings were normalized to the expression of GAPDH mRNA. Measurements were conducted in triplicate. Med: medium; LPS: 10 ng/mL.

Expression of GM-CSF mRNAs in cells treated by schizandrin (Sch) and gomisin A (Gom A) using qRT PCR analysis (n = 3). Findings were normalized to the expression of GAPDH mRNA. Data were analyzed for statistical significance (P < 0.05, compared with medium only) using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test. Med: medium only; LPS: 10 ng/mL.

HPLC chromatogram of a 95% ethanol extract of S. chinensis. The analysis conditions were: column, Cosmosil 5C18-AR-II 4.6×250 mm (Nacalai Tesque); flow rate, 1 mL/min; detector, 254 nm; solvent system, 0–30 min, 5% MeOH to 100% MeOH; 30–50 min, 100% MeOH. Peak identifications: Sch, schizandrin; Gom A, gomisin A.