PMC

Daily group averaged HR (A) and HRV (logSDNN) (B) in mice exposed to CAPs or filtered air.

Differences in mortality risk coefficients shown as the 5th–95th percentile difference in concentrations of FPM and FPM components for the 60 NMMAP MSAs for which FPM speciation data were available. Abbreviations: EC, elemental carbon; OC, organic carbon.

Back trajectories of all 14 days when winds were from the northwest based on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) HYSPLIT model (). Abbreviations: EDAS, Eta Data Assimilation System; UTC, coordinated universal time.
*Location of the nickel smelter in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.

Elemental concentrations and HR and HRV (mean ± SE) for 14 days when winds were from the northwest and for the 89 days with winds from all other directions, and the differences in heart rates in ApoE^−/− mice exposed to CAPs and filtered air. CAPs concentrations are shown in μg/m³, elemental concentrations in ng/m³, HR in beats/min, and HRV (as logSDNN) in milliseconds.

Differences in daily group–averaged HR (A) and HRV (logSDNN) (B) between mice exposed to CAPs and filtered air for the 89 days when winds were from other directions and for the 14 days when winds were from the northwest (and Ni, Cr, and Fe were elevated) with the corresponding data for 1 and 2 days after the days with wind from the northwest. Boxes represent 25th and 75th percentiles, lines within boxes indicate medians, error bars indicate 10th and 90th percentiles, and diamonds indicate outliers.