PMC

Average monthly SDTH for November (A), December (B), January (C), February (D), March (E), and April (F) 1948–2003 at the Tower Falls weather site.

Average monthly SDTH for November (A), December (B), January (C), February (D), March (E), and April (F) 1948–2003 at the Mammoth Hot Springs weather site.

Shown is the mean monthly change (± standard error) in carrion available to scavengers due to climate change from 1950 to 2000 with and without wolves in our dynamic model.

Shown are percent reductions (± standard error) in winter carrion available to scavengers due to climate change from 1950 to 2000 with and without wolves in our statistical model. * Significant difference between the two scenarios.

Last day of snow cover is reported as the number of days from January 1 of that year until the first day of bare ground. Changes in last day of snow cover over the last 55 y are shown for Mammoth Hot Springs (A) and Tower falls (B). The number of days from January through March that temperatures exceeded freezing at Mammoth (C) and Tower (D) are increasing with time.