PMC

BRAF mutations in pancreatic cancer. Tumors (PX) and the COLO357 cell line display the V599E mutation (diamond). Constitutional DNA samples (N) verify mutation is somatic.

Cyclin E overexpression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreatic carcinoma tissue arrays 1 (A and B) and 2 (C) studied for cyclin E expression. B: Higher magnification of A inset. Normal ductal structures (D) failed to express nuclear cyclin E. E: The pancreatic tumor xenograft, PX221, carries a homozygous CAT to CGT somatic missense mutation within exon 9 (diamond). F: Immunohistochemistry confirms the predicted overexpression of cyclin E in PX221. Magnifications: A, ×40; B-D and F, ×100.

CCNE1 and AKT2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). A: Interphase nuclei of the Su86.86 cell line showing a marker of 19p (TCF3/E2A, red) and extra copies of CCNE1 (green). B: Metaphase spread of Su86.86 showing TCF3 (red, 19p) and CCNE1 (green). Ectopic CCNE1 is shown with an arrow. C: Metaphase spread of normal cells showing single-copy signals for TCF3 (red, 19p), CCNE1 (green, 19q) and AKT2 (red, 19q). D: Metaphase spread showing amplification of AKT2 (red, q arm) and its centromeric neighbor, CCNE1 (green), in the Panc-1 cell line. TCF3 (red) is also shown as a marker of 19p. E: Southern blots of CCNE1 in the Su86.86, AsPC-1, and Panc-1 cell lines compared to levels in N57 (normal). The WI-12306 clone served as a loading control.