Genotyping and phenotyping mice for the A2AR gene. (a) Ethidium bromide–stained PCR amplification products of tail-clip DNA from WT (A2A+/+) and A2A-KO (A2A–/–) mice. The A2A-KO allele was identified by PCR of the inserted neomycin resistance cassette using oligonucleotide primers (see Methods) NEO-F and NEO-R and yielding a 618-bp product. The A2A WT allele was identified by PCR of a portion of the WT A2AR gene that was deleted from the KO construct using primers WT-F and WT-R and yielding a 163-bp band. +/+, WT; +/–, heterozygous; –/–, homozygous A2A-KO. Each lane represents PCR products from individual mice. (b) Immunohistochemical localization of A2AR in mouse forebrain sections. In the WT brain sections (top), dense A2AR-like immunoreactivity is present in the striatum (caudate putamen) and extends through the cell bridges of the striatum (arrow) to the olfactory tubercles on the ventral surface of the brain. In A2A-KO brain (bottom), specific immunoreactivity is completely absent. Scale bar, 1 mm. CPu, caudate putamen; Tu, tubercles; cc, corpus callosum. (c) Effect of ATL146e in A2A-KO mice. A2A-KO mice were subjected to IRI (see Methods). The rise in plasma creatinine after ATL146e was similar to that after vehicle administration (n = 6, not significant). Values are means ± SE.