Try out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Learn More.

Logo of pnasPNASInfo for AuthorsSubscriptionsAboutThis Article
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jul 18; 92(15): 6720–6722.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.15.6720
PMCID: PMC41400
PMID: 7624309

Genetic support for the out-of-Africa theory of human evolution.

M Nei
Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer

Full text

Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (610K), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References.

 
icon of scanned page 6720
6720
icon of scanned page 6721
6721
icon of scanned page 6722
6722
 

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  • Cann RL, Stoneking M, Wilson AC. Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution. Nature. 1987 Jan 1;325(6099):31–36. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Stringer CB, Andrews P. Genetic and fossil evidence for the origin of modern humans. Science. 1988 Mar 11;239(4845):1263–1268. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Vigilant L, Stoneking M, Harpending H, Hawkes K, Wilson AC. African populations and the evolution of human mitochondrial DNA. Science. 1991 Sep 27;253(5027):1503–1507. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Hedges SB, Kumar S, Tamura K, Stoneking M. Human origins and analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences. Science. 1992 Feb 7;255(5045):737–739. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Nei M, Roychoudhury AK. Evolutionary relationships of human populations on a global scale. Mol Biol Evol. 1993 Sep;10(5):927–943. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Bowcock AM, Ruiz-Linares A, Tomfohrde J, Minch E, Kidd JR, Cavalli-Sforza LL. High resolution of human evolutionary trees with polymorphic microsatellites. Nature. 1994 Mar 31;368(6470):455–457. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Goldstein DB, Ruiz Linares A, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Feldman MW. Genetic absolute dating based on microsatellites and the origin of modern humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jul 18;92(15):6723–6727. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Ohta T, Kimura M. A model of mutation appropriate to estimate the number of electrophoretically detectable alleles in a finite population. Genet Res. 1973 Oct;22(2):201–204. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Goldstein DB, Ruiz Linares A, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Feldman MW. An evaluation of genetic distances for use with microsatellite loci. Genetics. 1995 Jan;139(1):463–471. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Slatkin M. A measure of population subdivision based on microsatellite allele frequencies. Genetics. 1995 Jan;139(1):457–462. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Horai S, Hayasaka K, Kondo R, Tsugane K, Takahata N. Recent African origin of modern humans revealed by complete sequences of hominoid mitochondrial DNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 17;92(2):532–536. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Stringer CB. The emergence of modern humans. Sci Am. 1990 Dec;263(6):98–104. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Clark JD. African and Asian perspectives on the origins of modern humans. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1992 Aug 29;337(1280):201–215. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Takahata N. Allelic genealogy and human evolution. Mol Biol Evol. 1993 Jan;10(1):2–22. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Takahata N. Genealogy of neutral genes and spreading of selected mutations in a geographically structured population. Genetics. 1991 Oct;129(2):585–595. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Simmons JA, Chen L. The acoustic basis for target discrimination by FM echolocating bats. J Acoust Soc Am. 1989 Oct;86(4):1333–1350. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Wood B. Origin and evolution of the genus Homo. Nature. 1992 Feb 27;355(6363):783–790. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Weber JL, Wong C. Mutation of human short tandem repeats. Hum Mol Genet. 1993 Aug;2(8):1123–1128. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Shriver MD, Jin L, Chakraborty R, Boerwinkle E. VNTR allele frequency distributions under the stepwise mutation model: a computer simulation approach. Genetics. 1993 Jul;134(3):983–993. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Valdes AM, Slatkin M, Freimer NB. Allele frequencies at microsatellite loci: the stepwise mutation model revisited. Genetics. 1993 Mar;133(3):737–749. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Di Rienzo A, Peterson AC, Garza JC, Valdes AM, Slatkin M, Freimer NB. Mutational processes of simple-sequence repeat loci in human populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 12;91(8):3166–3170. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences