Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: CSAG1
Cytogenetic location: Xq28 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): X:152,727,484-152,733,721 (from NCBI)
Using differential display analysis, Terek et al. (1998) cloned CSAG1, which they called CSA1, based on its expression in human chondrosarcoma cell lines and primary chondrosarcomas, but not in normal cartilage. The predicted protein contains 52 amino acids and has a calculated molecular mass of 5.3 kD. Northern blot analysis detected a 0.85-kb CSAG1 transcript in a chondrosarcoma cell line and primary chondrosarcomas. RT-PCR detected CSAG1 expression in most benign and malignant human cartilage neoplasms, but not in normal cartilage, other neoplasms, or other normal tissues examined.
Using differential display analysis, Lin et al. (2002) identified CSAG1, which they called CSAGE, based on its expression in grade I and II, but not grade III, chondrosarcoma cell lines, as well as normal chondrocytes. Northern blot analysis detected a 0.85-kb transcript in grade II and III, but not grade I, chondrosarcoma cell lines, as well as in melanoma and leukemia cell lines. Among primary tumors and tissues, CSAGE expression was detected in testis, some grade II and III chondrosarcomas, and 1 soft tissue sarcoma, but not in grade 0 or I chondrosarcomas nor in normal cartilage, except for 1 cartilage specimen from a patient with a crushed, fractured, and infected bone. Cell lines that expressed CSAGE also expressed melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE; see MAGEA1, 300016). RT-PCR and 5-prime RACE revealed 3 CSAGE splice variants. The predominant CSAGE variant has 2 potential ORFs encoding 52- and 78-amino acid proteins with predicted molecular masses of 5.8 and 8.7 kD, respectively. The start codon for the 52-amino acid protein has a favorable Kozak context.
Lin et al. (2002) determined that the CSAG1 gene contains 5 exons and spans 6.2 kb.
By genomic sequence analysis, Lin et al. (2002) mapped the CSAG1 gene to chromosome Xq28.
Lin, C., Mak, S., Meitner, P. A., Wolf, J. M., Bluman, E. M., Block, J. A., Terek, R. M. Cancer/testis antigen CSAGE is concurrently expressed with MAGE in chondrosarcoma. Gene 285: 269-278, 2002. [PubMed: 12039054] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1119(02)00395-5]
Terek, R. M., Mak, S., Block, J. A., Bliss, M. Cloning of a novel chondrosarcoma associated gene. Trans. Annu. Meet. Orthop. Res. Soc. 23: 157 only, 1998.