Cholera Toxin
An ENTEROTOXIN from VIBRIO CHOLERAE. It consists of two major protomers, the heavy (H) or A subunit and the B protomer which consists of 5 light (L) or B subunits. The catalytic A subunit is proteolytically cleaved into fragments A1 and A2. The A1 fragment is a MONO(ADP-RIBOSE) TRANSFERASE. The B protomer binds cholera toxin to intestinal epithelial cells, and facilitates the uptake of the A1 fragment. The A1 catalyzed transfer of ADP-RIBOSE to the alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G PROTEINS activates the production of CYCLIC AMP. Increased levels of cyclic AMP are thought to modulate release of fluid and electrolytes from intestinal crypt cells.
Year introduced: 1978
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Subheadings:
Tree Number(s): D08.811.913.400.725.115.180, D23.946.123.194, D23.946.330.150
MeSH Unique ID: D002772
Registry Number: 9012-63-9
Entry Terms:
- Toxin, Cholera
- Cholera Exotoxin
- Exotoxin, Cholera
- Choleragen
- Cholera Enterotoxin CT
- CT, Cholera Enterotoxin
- Enterotoxin CT, Cholera
- Choleragenoid
- Cholera Toxin Protomer B
- Cholera Toxin B Subunit
- Procholeragenoid
- Cholera Toxin Protomer A
- Cholera Toxin A Subunit
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