MedGen

Auditory neuropathy is a type of hearing loss defined by the preservation of cochlear outer hair cell function and abnormal or absent auditory brainstem responses. Auditory neuropathy may accompany peripheral neuropathy in a variety of dominant syndromes such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (Satya-Murti et al., 1979) and has been observed in Friedreich ataxia (Satya-Murti et al., 1980). Auditory neuropathy unassociated with peripheral neuropathy most commonly occurs as a sporadic or recessive trait; see, for example, 601071. Genetic Heterogeneity of Autosomal Dominant Auditory Neuropathy See also AUNA2 (620384), caused by mutation in the ATP11A gene (605868) on chromosome 13q34, and AUNA3 (619832), caused by mutation in the TMEM43 gene (612048) on chromosome 3p25. [from OMIM]

Autosomal dominant deafness-84 (DFNA84) is characterized by slowly progressive nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Onset is usually in the postlingual period, during the first or second decades, although both congenital and later onset has been reported. There is intrafamilial variation in disease severity, audiogram shape, and progression (summary by Pater et al., 2022). [from OMIM]

Autosomal dominant auditory neuropathy-2 (AUNA2) is characterized by postlingual onset of progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in the second decade, leading to profound deafness in the fifth decade. Affected individuals show abnormal auditory brainstem responses (ABR) even before the onset of symptoms. Outer hair cell (OHC) function is preserved initially, but declines with age (Lang-Roth et al., 2017). For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant auditory neuropathy, see AUNA1 (609129). [from OMIM]

Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy-24 (HLD24) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by global developmental delay and neurologic deterioration (Segawa et al., 2021). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of HLD, see 312080. [from OMIM]