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Venous insufficiency

MedGen UID:
21841
•Concept ID:
C0042485
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Insufficiencies, Venous; Insufficiency, Venous; Venous Insufficiencies; Venous Insufficiency
SNOMED CT: Peripheral venous insufficiency (20696009)
 
HPO: HP:0005293
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0000945

Definition

A condition in which there is inadequate blood flow through a vein. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Chronic venous insufficiency: a comprehensive review of management.
Azar J, Rao A, Oropallo A
J Wound Care 2022 Jun 2;31(6):510-519. doi: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.6.510. PMID: 35678787
Venous Ulcers: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Bonkemeyer Millan S, Gan R, Townsend PE
Am Fam Physician 2019 Sep 1;100(5):298-305. PMID: 31478635
Edema: diagnosis and management.
Trayes KP, Studdiford JS, Pickle S, Tully AS
Am Fam Physician 2013 Jul 15;88(2):102-10. PMID: 23939641

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Chronic venous insufficiency: a comprehensive review of management.
Azar J, Rao A, Oropallo A
J Wound Care 2022 Jun 2;31(6):510-519. doi: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.6.510. PMID: 35678787
Effects of preventive use of compression stockings for elderly with chronic venous insufficiency and swollen legs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Dahm KT, Myrhaug HT, Strømme H, Fure B, Brurberg KG
BMC Geriatr 2019 Mar 7;19(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1087-1. PMID: 30845919Free PMC Article
Pathophysiology of Chronic Venous Disease and Venous Ulcers.
Raffetto JD
Surg Clin North Am 2018 Apr;98(2):337-347. Epub 2018 Jan 5 doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2017.11.002. PMID: 29502775
Pathophysiology of chronic venous disease.
Raffetto JD, Mannello F
Int Angiol 2014 Jun;33(3):212-21. Epub 2014 Apr 23 PMID: 24755829
Management of varicose veins and venous insufficiency.
Hamdan A
JAMA 2012 Dec 26;308(24):2612-21. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.111352. PMID: 23268520

Diagnosis

Chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins of the lower extremities.
Youn YJ, Lee J
Korean J Intern Med 2019 Mar;34(2):269-283. Epub 2018 Oct 26 doi: 10.3904/kjim.2018.230. PMID: 30360023Free PMC Article
Chronic venous insufficiency - a review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
Santler B, Goerge T
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017 May;15(5):538-556. doi: 10.1111/ddg.13242. PMID: 28485865
Chronic venous insufficiency.
Eberhardt RT, Raffetto JD
Circulation 2014 Jul 22;130(4):333-46. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006898. PMID: 25047584
Pathophysiology of chronic venous disease.
Raffetto JD, Mannello F
Int Angiol 2014 Jun;33(3):212-21. Epub 2014 Apr 23 PMID: 24755829
Edema: diagnosis and management.
Trayes KP, Studdiford JS, Pickle S, Tully AS
Am Fam Physician 2013 Jul 15;88(2):102-10. PMID: 23939641

Therapy

Interventions for great saphenous vein incompetence.
Whing J, Nandhra S, Nesbitt C, Stansby G
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Aug 11;8(8):CD005624. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005624.pub4. PMID: 34378180Free PMC Article
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome.
Basile A, Failla G, Gozzo C
Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2021 Feb;42(1):3-12. Epub 2020 Jul 9 doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2020.07.001. PMID: 33541587
Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency.
Martinez-Zapata MJ, Vernooij RW, Simancas-Racines D, Uriona Tuma SM, Stein AT, Moreno Carriles RMM, Vargas E, Bonfill Cosp X
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Nov 3;11(11):CD003229. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003229.pub4. PMID: 33141449Free PMC Article
Interventions for varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy.
Smyth RM, Aflaifel N, Bamigboye AA
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015 Oct 19;2015(10):CD001066. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001066.pub3. PMID: 26477632Free PMC Article
Horse chestnut seed extract for chronic venous insufficiency.
Pittler MH, Ernst E
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Nov 14;11(11):CD003230. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003230.pub4. PMID: 23152216Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Defining the human and health care costs of chronic venous insufficiency.
Kim Y, Png CYM, Sumpio BJ, DeCarlo CS, Dua A
Semin Vasc Surg 2021 Mar;34(1):59-64. Epub 2021 Feb 3 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2021.02.007. PMID: 33757637
Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency and menière's disease: Interventional versus medical therapy.
Attanasio G, Califano L, Bruno A, Giugliano V, Ralli M, Martellucci S, Milella C, de Vincentiis M, Russo FY, Greco A
Laryngoscope 2020 Aug;130(8):2040-2046. Epub 2019 Nov 11 doi: 10.1002/lary.28389. PMID: 31710712
Chronic venous insufficiency: A review for nurses.
Berti-Hearn L, Elliott B
Nursing 2019 Dec;49(12):24-30. doi: 10.1097/01.NURSE.0000604688.03299.aa. PMID: 31658230
Algorithm-based approach to management of venous leg ulceration.
Verma H, Tripathi RK
Semin Vasc Surg 2015 Mar;28(1):54-60. Epub 2015 Jul 20 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2015.07.002. PMID: 26358310
Chronic oedema/lymphoedema: under-recognised and under-treated.
Keast DH, Despatis M, Allen JO, Brassard A
Int Wound J 2015 Jun;12(3):328-33. Epub 2014 Feb 12 doi: 10.1111/iwj.12224. PMID: 24618210Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Diagnosis and Treatment of Lower Extremity Venous Thromboembolism: A Review.
Chopard R, Albertsen IE, Piazza G
JAMA 2020 Nov 3;324(17):1765-1776. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17272. PMID: 33141212
The 2020 update of the CEAP classification system and reporting standards.
Lurie F, Passman M, Meisner M, Dalsing M, Masuda E, Welch H, Bush RL, Blebea J, Carpentier PH, De Maeseneer M, Gasparis A, Labropoulos N, Marston WA, Rafetto J, Santiago F, Shortell C, Uhl JF, Urbanek T, van Rij A, Eklof B, Gloviczki P, Kistner R, Lawrence P, Moneta G, Padberg F, Perrin M, Wakefield T
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020 May;8(3):342-352. Epub 2020 Feb 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2019.12.075. PMID: 32113854
Post Thrombotic Syndrome.
Busuttil A, Lim CS, Davies AH
Adv Exp Med Biol 2017;906:363-375. doi: 10.1007/5584_2016_126. PMID: 27628001
Editor's Choice - Management of Chronic Venous Disease: Clinical Practice Guidelines of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS).
Wittens C, Davies AH, Bækgaard N, Broholm R, Cavezzi A, Chastanet S, de Wolf M, Eggen C, Giannoukas A, Gohel M, Kakkos S, Lawson J, Noppeney T, Onida S, Pittaluga P, Thomis S, Toonder I, Vuylsteke M, Esvs Guidelines Committee, Kolh P, de Borst GJ, Chakfé N, Debus S, Hinchliffe R, Koncar I, Lindholt J, de Ceniga MV, Vermassen F, Verzini F, Document Reviewers, De Maeseneer MG, Blomgren L, Hartung O, Kalodiki E, Korten E, Lugli M, Naylor R, Nicolini P, Rosales A
Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015 Jun;49(6):678-737. Epub 2015 Apr 25 doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2015.02.007. PMID: 25920631
The care of patients with varicose veins and associated chronic venous diseases: clinical practice guidelines of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the American Venous Forum.
Gloviczki P, Comerota AJ, Dalsing MC, Eklof BG, Gillespie DL, Gloviczki ML, Lohr JM, McLafferty RB, Meissner MH, Murad MH, Padberg FT, Pappas PJ, Passman MA, Raffetto JD, Vasquez MA, Wakefield TW; Society for Vascular Surgery; American Venous Forum
J Vasc Surg 2011 May;53(5 Suppl):2S-48S. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.01.079. PMID: 21536172

Recent systematic reviews

The 2023 Society for Vascular Surgery, American Venous Forum, and American Vein and Lymphatic Society clinical practice guidelines for the management of varicose veins of the lower extremities. Part II: Endorsed by the Society of Interventional Radiology and the Society for Vascular Medicine.
Gloviczki P, Lawrence PF, Wasan SM, Meissner MH, Almeida J, Brown KR, Bush RL, Di Iorio M, Fish J, Fukaya E, Gloviczki ML, Hingorani A, Jayaraj A, Kolluri R, Murad MH, Obi AT, Ozsvath KJ, Singh MJ, Vayuvegula S, Welch HJ
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2024 Jan;12(1):101670. Epub 2023 Aug 29 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2023.08.011. PMID: 37652254
A systematic review supporting the Society for Vascular Surgery, the American Venous Forum, and the American Vein and Lymphatic Society guidelines on the management of varicose veins.
Farah MH, Nayfeh T, Urtecho M, Hasan B, Amin M, Sen I, Wang Z, Prokop LJ, Lawrence PF, Gloviczki P, Murad MH
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2022 Sep;10(5):1155-1171. Epub 2021 Aug 24 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2021.08.011. PMID: 34450355
Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency.
Martinez-Zapata MJ, Vernooij RW, Simancas-Racines D, Uriona Tuma SM, Stein AT, Moreno Carriles RMM, Vargas E, Bonfill Cosp X
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Nov 3;11(11):CD003229. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003229.pub4. PMID: 33141449Free PMC Article
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Exercise Intervention for the Treatment of Calf Muscle Pump Impairment in Individuals with Chronic Venous Insufficiency.
Orr L, Klement KA, McCrossin L, O'Sullivan Drombolis D, Houghton PE, Spaulding S, Burke S
Ostomy Wound Manage 2017 Aug;63(8):30-43. doi: 10.25270/owm.2017.08.3043. PMID: 28873064
Horse chestnut seed extract for chronic venous insufficiency.
Pittler MH, Ernst E
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012 Nov 14;11(11):CD003230. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003230.pub4. PMID: 23152216Free PMC Article

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