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Sengers syndrome(MTDPS10)

MedGen UID:
395228
Concept ID:
C1859317
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Cardiomyopathy and cataract; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA DEPLETION SYNDROME 10 (CARDIOMYOPATHIC TYPE)
SNOMED CT: Sengers syndrome (717812000); Congenital cataract, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, mitochondrial myopathy syndrome (717812000)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
MedGen UID:
141025
Concept ID:
C0441748
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in individuals with two pathogenic alleles, either homozygotes (two copies of the same mutant allele) or compound heterozygotes (whereby each copy of a gene has a distinct mutant allele).
 
Gene (location): AGK (7q34)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0008922
OMIM®: 212350
Orphanet: ORPHA1369

Definition

Sengers syndrome is an autosomal recessive mitochondrial disorder characterized by congenital cataracts, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, skeletal myopathy, exercise intolerance, and lactic acidosis. Mental development is normal, but affected individuals may die early from cardiomyopathy (summary by Mayr et al., 2012). Skeletal muscle biopsies of 2 affected individuals showed severe mtDNA depletion (Calvo et al., 2012). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Fatigue
MedGen UID:
41971
Concept ID:
C0015672
Sign or Symptom
A subjective feeling of tiredness characterized by a lack of energy and motivation.
Sudden cardiac death
MedGen UID:
38841
Concept ID:
C0085298
Pathologic Function
The heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating resulting in death within a short time period (generally within 1 h of symptom onset).
Exercise intolerance
MedGen UID:
603270
Concept ID:
C0424551
Finding
A functional motor deficit where individuals whose responses to the challenges of exercise fail to achieve levels considered normal for their age and gender.
Premature ovarian insufficiency
MedGen UID:
9963
Concept ID:
C0025322
Disease or Syndrome
Amenorrhea due to loss of ovarian function before the age of 40. Primary ovarian inssuficiency (POI) is a state of female hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. It can manifest as primary amenorrhea with onset before menarche or secondary amenorrhea.
3-Methylglutaconic aciduria
MedGen UID:
777186
Concept ID:
C3696376
Disease or Syndrome
An increased amount of 3-methylglutaconic acid in the urine.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
MedGen UID:
2881
Concept ID:
C0007194
Disease or Syndrome
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is defined by the presence of increased ventricular wall thickness or mass in the absence of loading conditions (hypertension, valve disease) sufficient to cause the observed abnormality.
Cardiac arrest
MedGen UID:
5456
Concept ID:
C0018790
Finding
An abrupt loss of heart function.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
MedGen UID:
425404
Concept ID:
C2973725
Disease or Syndrome
Pulmonary hypertension is defined mean pulmonary artery pressure of 25mmHg or more and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 15mmHg or less when measured by right heart catheterisation at rest and in a supine position.
Growth delay
MedGen UID:
99124
Concept ID:
C0456070
Pathologic Function
A deficiency or slowing down of growth pre- and postnatally.
Mental deterioration
MedGen UID:
66713
Concept ID:
C0234985
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Loss of previously present mental abilities, generally in adults.
Easy fatigability
MedGen UID:
373253
Concept ID:
C1837098
Finding
Increased susceptibility to fatigue.
Motor delay
MedGen UID:
381392
Concept ID:
C1854301
Finding
A type of Developmental delay characterized by a delay in acquiring motor skills.
Thrombocytopenia
MedGen UID:
52737
Concept ID:
C0040034
Disease or Syndrome
A reduction in the number of circulating thrombocytes.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Myopathy
MedGen UID:
10135
Concept ID:
C0026848
Disease or Syndrome
A disorder of muscle unrelated to impairment of innervation or neuromuscular junction.
Osteopenia
MedGen UID:
18222
Concept ID:
C0029453
Disease or Syndrome
Osteopenia is a term to define bone density that is not normal but also not as low as osteoporosis. By definition from the World Health Organization osteopenia is defined by bone densitometry as a T score -1 to -2.5.
Muscle weakness
MedGen UID:
57735
Concept ID:
C0151786
Finding
Reduced strength of muscles.
Inborn mitochondrial myopathy
MedGen UID:
56484
Concept ID:
C0162670
Disease or Syndrome
A type of myopathy associated with mitochondrial disease and characterized by findings on biopsy such as ragged red muscle fibers.
Generalized muscle weakness
MedGen UID:
155433
Concept ID:
C0746674
Sign or Symptom
Generalized weakness or decreased strength of the muscles, affecting both distal and proximal musculature.
Generalized hypotonia
MedGen UID:
346841
Concept ID:
C1858120
Finding
Generalized muscular hypotonia (abnormally low muscle tone).
Depletion of mitochondrial DNA in muscle tissue
MedGen UID:
867163
Concept ID:
C4021521
Finding
Respiratory insufficiency
MedGen UID:
11197
Concept ID:
C0035229
Pathologic Function
Impairment of gas exchange within the lungs secondary to a disease process, neoplasm, or trauma, possibly resulting in hypoxia, hypercarbia, or both, but not requiring intubation or mechanical ventilation. Patients are normally managed with pharmaceutical therapy, supplemental oxygen, or both.
Lactic acidosis
MedGen UID:
1717
Concept ID:
C0001125
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormal buildup of lactic acid in the body, leading to acidification of the blood and other bodily fluids.
Increased circulating lactate concentration
MedGen UID:
332209
Concept ID:
C1836440
Finding
Abnormally increased level of blood lactate (2-hydroxypropanoic acid). Lactate is produced from pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase during normal metabolism. The terms lactate and lactic acid are often used interchangeably but lactate (the component measured in blood) is strictly a weak base whereas lactic acid is the corresponding acid. Lactic acidosis is often used clinically to describe elevated lactate but should be reserved for cases where there is a corresponding acidosis (pH below 7.35).
Exercise-induced lactic acidemia
MedGen UID:
870819
Concept ID:
C4025277
Disease or Syndrome
A form of lactic acidemia that occurs following exercise or exertion.
Developmental cataract
MedGen UID:
3202
Concept ID:
C0009691
Congenital Abnormality
A cataract that occurs congenitally as the result of a developmental defect, in contrast to the majority of cataracts that occur in adulthood as the result of degenerative changes of the lens.
Glaucoma
MedGen UID:
42224
Concept ID:
C0017601
Disease or Syndrome
Glaucoma refers loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy usually associated with increased intraocular pressure.
Myopia
MedGen UID:
44558
Concept ID:
C0027092
Disease or Syndrome
Nearsightedness, also known as myopia, is an eye condition that causes blurry distance vision. People who are nearsighted have more trouble seeing things that are far away (such as when driving) than things that are close up (such as when reading or using a computer). If it is not treated with corrective lenses or surgery, nearsightedness can lead to squinting, eyestrain, headaches, and significant visual impairment.\n\nNearsightedness usually begins in childhood or adolescence. It tends to worsen with age until adulthood, when it may stop getting worse (stabilize). In some people, nearsightedness improves in later adulthood.\n\nFor normal vision, light passes through the clear cornea at the front of the eye and is focused by the lens onto the surface of the retina, which is the lining of the back of the eye that contains light-sensing cells. People who are nearsighted typically have eyeballs that are too long from front to back. As a result, light entering the eye is focused too far forward, in front of the retina instead of on its surface. It is this change that causes distant objects to appear blurry. The longer the eyeball is, the farther forward light rays will be focused and the more severely nearsighted a person will be.\n\nNearsightedness is measured by how powerful a lens must be to correct it. The standard unit of lens power is called a diopter. Negative (minus) powered lenses are used to correct nearsightedness. The more severe a person's nearsightedness, the larger the number of diopters required for correction. In an individual with nearsightedness, one eye may be more nearsighted than the other.\n\nEye doctors often refer to nearsightedness less than -5 or -6 diopters as "common myopia." Nearsightedness of -6 diopters or more is commonly called "high myopia." This distinction is important because high myopia increases a person's risk of developing other eye problems that can lead to permanent vision loss or blindness. These problems include tearing and detachment of the retina, clouding of the lens (cataract), and an eye disease called glaucoma that is usually related to increased pressure within the eye. The risk of these other eye problems increases with the severity of the nearsightedness. The term "pathological myopia" is used to describe cases in which high myopia leads to tissue damage within the eye.
Nystagmus
MedGen UID:
45166
Concept ID:
C0028738
Disease or Syndrome
Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.
Strabismus
MedGen UID:
21337
Concept ID:
C0038379
Disease or Syndrome
A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error.
Cataract
MedGen UID:
39462
Concept ID:
C0086543
Disease or Syndrome
A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule.
Decreased activity of mitochondrial complex I
MedGen UID:
393796
Concept ID:
C2677650
Finding
A reduction in the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, which is part of the electron transport chain in mitochondria.
Decreased activity of mitochondrial complex III
MedGen UID:
460434
Concept ID:
C3149083
Finding
A reduction in the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III, which is part of the electron transport chain in mitochondria.
Decreased activity of mitochondrial complex IV
MedGen UID:
866520
Concept ID:
C4020800
Finding
A reduction in the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV, which is part of the electron transport chain in mitochondria.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSengers syndrome
Follow this link to review classifications for Sengers syndrome in Orphanet.

Recent clinical studies

Prognosis

Wu CW, Caha M, Smoot L, Harris DJ, Roberts AE, Sacharow S, Bodamer O
Mol Genet Metab 2023 Jul;139(3):107626. Epub 2023 Jun 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107626. PMID: 37354892
Fan P, Yang KQ, Han B, Kong D, Yin WH, Li JH, Yang ZX, Niu LL, Fu CS, Rong CZ, Lin YH, Wang H, Zhou XL, Gao LG, Qin XC, Tian T
Pediatr Res 2023 Aug;94(2):683-690. Epub 2023 Feb 9 doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02515-3. PMID: 36759750
Panicucci C, Schiaffino MC, Nesti C, Derchi M, Trocchio G, Severino M, Stagnaro N, Priolo E, Zara F, Santorelli FM, Bruno C
Ital J Pediatr 2022 Oct 17;48(1):180. doi: 10.1186/s13052-022-01370-y. PMID: 36253788Free PMC Article
Haghighi A, Haack TB, Atiq M, Mottaghi H, Haghighi-Kakhki H, Bashir RA, Ahting U, Feichtinger RG, Mayr JA, Rötig A, Lebre AS, Klopstock T, Dworschak A, Pulido N, Saeed MA, Saleh-Gohari N, Holzerova E, Chinnery PF, Taylor RW, Prokisch H
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014 Aug 20;9:119. doi: 10.1186/s13023-014-0119-3. PMID: 25208612Free PMC Article
Finsterer J, Stöllberger C
Scand Cardiovasc J 2008 Feb;42(1):9-24. doi: 10.1080/14017430701854953. PMID: 18273731

Clinical prediction guides

Wu CW, Caha M, Smoot L, Harris DJ, Roberts AE, Sacharow S, Bodamer O
Mol Genet Metab 2023 Jul;139(3):107626. Epub 2023 Jun 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107626. PMID: 37354892
Fan P, Yang KQ, Han B, Kong D, Yin WH, Li JH, Yang ZX, Niu LL, Fu CS, Rong CZ, Lin YH, Wang H, Zhou XL, Gao LG, Qin XC, Tian T
Pediatr Res 2023 Aug;94(2):683-690. Epub 2023 Feb 9 doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02515-3. PMID: 36759750
Jackson TD, Hock DH, Fujihara KM, Palmer CS, Frazier AE, Low YC, Kang Y, Ang CS, Clemons NJ, Thorburn DR, Stroud DA, Stojanovski D
Mol Biol Cell 2021 Mar 15;32(6):475-491. Epub 2021 Jan 21 doi: 10.1091/mbc.E20-06-0390. PMID: 33476211Free PMC Article
Kang Y, Stroud DA, Baker MJ, De Souza DP, Frazier AE, Liem M, Tull D, Mathivanan S, McConville MJ, Thorburn DR, Ryan MT, Stojanovski D
Mol Cell 2017 Aug 3;67(3):457-470.e5. Epub 2017 Jul 14 doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.06.014. PMID: 28712726
Haghighi A, Haack TB, Atiq M, Mottaghi H, Haghighi-Kakhki H, Bashir RA, Ahting U, Feichtinger RG, Mayr JA, Rötig A, Lebre AS, Klopstock T, Dworschak A, Pulido N, Saeed MA, Saleh-Gohari N, Holzerova E, Chinnery PF, Taylor RW, Prokisch H
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014 Aug 20;9:119. doi: 10.1186/s13023-014-0119-3. PMID: 25208612Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Wu CW, Caha M, Smoot L, Harris DJ, Roberts AE, Sacharow S, Bodamer O
Mol Genet Metab 2023 Jul;139(3):107626. Epub 2023 Jun 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107626. PMID: 37354892
Fan P, Yang KQ, Han B, Kong D, Yin WH, Li JH, Yang ZX, Niu LL, Fu CS, Rong CZ, Lin YH, Wang H, Zhou XL, Gao LG, Qin XC, Tian T
Pediatr Res 2023 Aug;94(2):683-690. Epub 2023 Feb 9 doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02515-3. PMID: 36759750

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