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Metastasis

MedGen UID:: 45032
•Concept ID:: C0027627
•: Neoplastic Process

Synonyms:

Metastase; Metastases; Metastases, Neoplasm; Metastasis, Neoplasm; Neoplasm Metastases; Neoplasm Metastasis

Definition

The spread or migration of cancer cells from one part of the body (the organ in which it first appeared) to another. The secondary tumor contains cells that are like those in the original (primary) tumor. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVMetastasis

Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
- Pathological process
  - Disease Attributes
    - Course of illness
      - Tumor Progression
        Cancer Progression
        Metastasis
        Direct Extension
        Intracranial Extension
        Distant Metastasis
        Extranodal Involvement
        In-Transit Metastasis
        Cutaneous Melanoma In-Transit Metastasis
        Intravascular Metastasis
        Lymphatic Metastasis
        Macrometastasis
        Malignant tumor of unknown origin
        Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
        Adenocarcinoma of Unknown Primary
        Advanced Carcinoma Of Unknown Primary
        Head and Neck Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
        Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
        Recurrent Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
        Resectable Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
        Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
        Undifferentiated Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
        Melanoma of Unknown Primary
        Unknown Primary Tumor (Except for EBV-Related and HPV-Related Tumors) and Metastatic Cervical Adenopathy by AJCC v8 Stage
        Stage III Unknown Primary Tumor (Except for EBV-Related and HPV-Related Tumors) and Metastatic Cervical Adenopathy AJCC v8
        Stage IVA Unknown Primary Tumor (Except for EBV-Related and HPV-Related Tumors) and Metastatic Cervical Adenopathy AJCC v8
        Stage IVB Unknown Primary Tumor (Except for EBV-Related and HPV-Related Tumors) and Metastatic Cervical Adenopathy AJCC v8
        Stage IVC Unknown Primary Tumor (Except for EBV-Related and HPV-Related Tumors) and Metastatic Cervical Adenopathy AJCC v8
        Micrometastasis
        Macrometastasis Greater than 2.0 mm
        Micrometastasis 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm
        Multiple Metastases
        Neoplasm Seeding
        Oligometastasis
        Satellite Tumor
        Single Metastasis
        Skip Metastasis
        Spread of Lymphoma

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Skull metastasis is a poor prognostic factor for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis: a retrospective study based on a Chinese population.

Xiong T, Jiang M, Ye X, Zhu G, Cao F, Cui Y, Yang M, Niu Y
BMC Urol 2023 Jan 31;23(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12894-023-01179-9. PMID: 36721133 Free PMC Article

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cervical lymph node metastasis from unknown primary sites: a single institution's 14-year experience.

Zhou M, Wu Y, Wu Y, Li H, Ye B, Yue K, Jing C, Duan Y, Wang X
Eur J Med Res 2023 Jan 3;28(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s40001-022-00957-9. PMID: 36597158 Free PMC Article

Performance of the Matsumiya scoring system in cervical cancer patients with bone metastasis: an external validation study.

Wongyikul P, Wongchanudom S, Lumkul L, Isaradech N, Phanphaisarn A, Phinyo P, Pruksakorn D
Int J Clin Oncol 2023 Feb;28(2):321-330. Epub 2022 Nov 19 doi: 10.1007/s10147-022-02273-y. PMID: 36402825

Metastasis suppressor NME1 in exosomes or liposomes conveys motility and migration inhibition in breast cancer model systems.

Khan I, Gril B, Hoshino A, Yang HH, Lee MP, Difilippantonio S, Lyden DC, Steeg PS
Clin Exp Metastasis 2022 Oct;39(5):815-831. Epub 2022 Aug 8 doi: 10.1007/s10585-022-10182-7. PMID: 35939247

Current challenges in metastasis research and future innovation for clinical translation.

Parker AL, Benguigui M, Fornetti J, Goddard E, Lucotti S, Insua-Rodríguez J, Wiegmans AP; Early Career Leadership Council of the Metastasis Research Society.
Clin Exp Metastasis 2022 Apr;39(2):263-277. Epub 2022 Jan 24 doi: 10.1007/s10585-021-10144-5. PMID: 35072851 Free PMC Article

See all (107975)

Diagnosis

Skull metastasis is a poor prognostic factor for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis: a retrospective study based on a Chinese population.

Xiong T, Jiang M, Ye X, Zhu G, Cao F, Cui Y, Yang M, Niu Y
BMC Urol 2023 Jan 31;23(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12894-023-01179-9. PMID: 36721133 Free PMC Article

Prognostic significance and risk factors for pelvic and para-aortic lymph node metastasis in type I and type II ovarian cancer: a large population-based database analysis.

Yu H, Wang J, Wu B, Li J, Chen R
J Ovarian Res 2023 Jan 30;16(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s13048-023-01102-8. PMID: 36717897 Free PMC Article

MR imaging phenotypes and features associated with pathogenic mutation to predict recurrence or metastasis in breast cancer.

Shao Z, Yu J, Cheng Y, Ma W, Liu P, Lu H
BMC Cancer 2023 Jan 27;23(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12885-023-10555-5. PMID: 36707770 Free PMC Article

Performance of the Matsumiya scoring system in cervical cancer patients with bone metastasis: an external validation study.

Wongyikul P, Wongchanudom S, Lumkul L, Isaradech N, Phanphaisarn A, Phinyo P, Pruksakorn D
Int J Clin Oncol 2023 Feb;28(2):321-330. Epub 2022 Nov 19 doi: 10.1007/s10147-022-02273-y. PMID: 36402825

Delphian lymph node metastasis predicts occult contralateral carcinoma for unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma patients with contralateral benign nodules.

Chen ML, Xu D, Yan XQ, Xie BJ
Asian J Surg 2023 Jan;46(1):156-159. Epub 2022 Mar 9 doi: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.02.027. PMID: 35277319

See all (100645)

Therapy

Skull metastasis is a poor prognostic factor for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis: a retrospective study based on a Chinese population.

Xiong T, Jiang M, Ye X, Zhu G, Cao F, Cui Y, Yang M, Niu Y
BMC Urol 2023 Jan 31;23(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12894-023-01179-9. PMID: 36721133 Free PMC Article

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cervical lymph node metastasis from unknown primary sites: a single institution's 14-year experience.

Zhou M, Wu Y, Wu Y, Li H, Ye B, Yue K, Jing C, Duan Y, Wang X
Eur J Med Res 2023 Jan 3;28(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s40001-022-00957-9. PMID: 36597158 Free PMC Article

Tissue factor-induced fibrinogenesis mediates cancer cell clustering and multiclonal peritoneal metastasis.

Miyazaki M, Nakabo A, Nagano Y, Nagamura Y, Yanagihara K, Ohki R, Nakamura Y, Fukami K, Kawamoto J, Umayahara K, Sakamoto M, Iwaya K, Yamaguchi H
Cancer Lett 2023 Jan 28;553:215983. Epub 2022 Oct 28 doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215983. PMID: 36404569

Identifying the Transcriptional Drivers of Metastasis Embedded within Localized Melanoma.

Suresh S, Rabbie R, Garg M, Lumaquin D, Huang TH, Montal E, Ma Y, Cruz NM, Tang X, Nsengimana J, Newton-Bishop J, Hunter MV, Zhu Y, Chen K, de Stanchina E, Adams DJ, White RM
Cancer Discov 2023 Jan 9;13(1):194-215. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-22-0427. PMID: 36259947 Free PMC Article

Correlation of EGFR mutation subtypes and survival in surgically treated brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer.

Perng PS, Hsu HP, Lee PH, Huang CC, Lin CC, Lee JS
Asian J Surg 2023 Jan;46(1):269-276. Epub 2022 Apr 4 doi: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.03.076. PMID: 35393224

See all (69719)

Prognosis

Skull metastasis is a poor prognostic factor for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis: a retrospective study based on a Chinese population.

Xiong T, Jiang M, Ye X, Zhu G, Cao F, Cui Y, Yang M, Niu Y
BMC Urol 2023 Jan 31;23(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12894-023-01179-9. PMID: 36721133 Free PMC Article

ALKBH5 activates FAK signaling through m6A demethylation in <i>ITGB1</i> mRNA and enhances tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in ovarian cancer.

Sun R, Yuan L, Jiang Y, Wan Y, Ma X, Yang J, Sun G, Zhou S, Wang H, Qiu J, Zhang L, Cheng W
Theranostics 2023;13(2):833-848. Epub 2023 Jan 5 doi: 10.7150/thno.77441. PMID: 36632222 Free PMC Article

Performance of the Matsumiya scoring system in cervical cancer patients with bone metastasis: an external validation study.

Wongyikul P, Wongchanudom S, Lumkul L, Isaradech N, Phanphaisarn A, Phinyo P, Pruksakorn D
Int J Clin Oncol 2023 Feb;28(2):321-330. Epub 2022 Nov 19 doi: 10.1007/s10147-022-02273-y. PMID: 36402825

27-Hydroxycholesterol promotes metastasis by SULT2A1-dependent alteration in hepatocellular carcinoma.

He T, Tao B, Yi C, Zhang C, Zhang P, Shao W, Li Y, Chen Z, Lu L, Jia H, Zhu W, Lin J, Chen J
Cancer Sci 2022 Aug;113(8):2575-2589. Epub 2022 Jun 13 doi: 10.1111/cas.15435. PMID: 35599597 Free PMC Article

Current challenges in metastasis research and future innovation for clinical translation.

See all (131212)

Clinical prediction guides

Skull metastasis is a poor prognostic factor for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis: a retrospective study based on a Chinese population.

Xiong T, Jiang M, Ye X, Zhu G, Cao F, Cui Y, Yang M, Niu Y
BMC Urol 2023 Jan 31;23(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12894-023-01179-9. PMID: 36721133 Free PMC Article

MiR-652-3p promotes malignancy and metastasis of cancer cells via inhibiting TNRC6A in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Chen W, Ru J, Wu T, Man D, Wu J, Wu L, Sun Y, Yu H, Li M, Zhang G, Zhu X, Tong R, Xiao H, Li Y, Yang B
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023 Jan 15;640:1-11. Epub 2022 Dec 5 doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.11.100. PMID: 36495604

Performance of the Matsumiya scoring system in cervical cancer patients with bone metastasis: an external validation study.

Wongyikul P, Wongchanudom S, Lumkul L, Isaradech N, Phanphaisarn A, Phinyo P, Pruksakorn D
Int J Clin Oncol 2023 Feb;28(2):321-330. Epub 2022 Nov 19 doi: 10.1007/s10147-022-02273-y. PMID: 36402825

Correlation of EGFR mutation subtypes and survival in surgically treated brain metastasis from non-small-cell lung cancer.

Perng PS, Hsu HP, Lee PH, Huang CC, Lin CC, Lee JS
Asian J Surg 2023 Jan;46(1):269-276. Epub 2022 Apr 4 doi: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.03.076. PMID: 35393224

Current challenges in metastasis research and future innovation for clinical translation.

See all (87474)

Recent systematic reviews

Survival benefits of para-aortic lymphadenectomy in colorectal cancer with clinically suspected para-aortic lymph node metastasis: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Wang RC, Wang JQ, Zhou XY, Zhong CL, Chen JX, Chen JS
World J Surg Oncol 2023 Jan 31;21(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s12957-023-02908-y. PMID: 36721235 Free PMC Article

Incidence of omental metastasis in uterine serous carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Xu H, Cui SS, Ran L, Liu Y, Hu C, Xu Y, Tian Y
J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2022 Jun;51(6):102395. Epub 2022 Apr 28 doi: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2022.102395. PMID: 35489712

Diagnostic value of [<sup>68</sup> Ga]Ga-DOTA-labeled-somatostatin analogue PET/MRI for detecting liver metastasis in patients with neuroendocrine tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Choi SJ, Choi SH, Lee DY, Lee JS, Kim DW, Jang JK
Eur Radiol 2022 Jul;32(7):4628-4637. Epub 2022 Jan 29 doi: 10.1007/s00330-021-08527-z. PMID: 35092473

Current problems and perspectives of pathological risk factors for lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer: Systematic review.

Ichimasa K, Kudo SE, Miyachi H, Kouyama Y, Mochizuki K, Takashina Y, Maeda Y, Mori Y, Kudo T, Miyata Y, Akimoto Y, Kataoka Y, Kubota T, Nemoto T, Ishida F, Misawa M
Dig Endosc 2022 Jul;34(5):901-912. Epub 2022 Jan 11 doi: 10.1111/den.14220. PMID: 34942683

Mutations of key driver genes in gastric cancer metastasis risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Wang J, Shao X, Liu Y, Shi R, Yang B, Xiao J, Liu Y, Qu X, Li Z
Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021 Sep;21(9):963-972. Epub 2021 Jul 1 doi: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1946394. PMID: 34196586

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Metastasis

Definition

Term Hierarchy

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Diagnosis

Therapy

Prognosis

Clinical prediction guides

Recent systematic reviews

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

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