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Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 13(ARVC13; ARVD13)

MedGen UID:
816468
•Concept ID:
C3810138
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY 13; Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, familial, 13
 
Gene (location): CTNNA3 (10q21.3)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0000908
OMIM®: 615616

Definition

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia-13 (ARVD13) is characterized by progressive fibrofatty myocardial replacement, primarily of the right ventricle. The main clinical features are structural and functional abnormalities of the ventricles, electrocardiographic depolarization/repolarization changes, reentrant arrhythmias, and sudden death (summary by van Hengel et al., 2013). [from OMIM]

Additional description

From MedlinePlus Genetics
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a form of heart disease that usually appears in adulthood. ARVC is a disorder of the myocardium, which is the muscular wall of the heart. This condition causes part of the myocardium to break down over time, increasing the risk of an abnormal heartbeat (arrhythmia) and sudden death.

ARVC may not cause any symptoms in its early stages. However, affected individuals may still be at risk of sudden death, especially during strenuous exercise. When symptoms occur, they most commonly include a sensation of fluttering or pounding in the chest (palpitations), light-headedness, and fainting (syncope). Over time, ARVC can also cause shortness of breath and abnormal swelling in the legs or abdomen. If the myocardium becomes severely damaged in the later stages of the disease, it can lead to heart failure.  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/arrhythmogenic-right-ventricular-cardiomyopathy

Clinical features

From HPO
Left bundle branch block
MedGen UID:
7286
•Concept ID:
C0023211
•
Disease or Syndrome
A conduction block of the left branch of the bundle of His. This manifests as a generalized disturbance of QRS morphology on EKG.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Ventricular tachycardia
MedGen UID:
12068
•Concept ID:
C0042514
•
Finding
A tachycardia originating in the ventricles characterized by rapid heart rate (over 100 beats per minute) and broad QRS complexes (over 120 ms).
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
First degree atrioventricular block
MedGen UID:
43215
•Concept ID:
C0085614
•
Disease or Syndrome
Delay of conduction through the atrioventricular node, which is manifested as prolongation of the PR interval in the electrocardiogram (EKG). All atrial impulses reach the ventricles.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Right ventricular dilatation
MedGen UID:
138012
•Concept ID:
C0344893
•
Congenital Abnormality
Enlargement of the chamber of the right ventricle, which can be defined echocardiographically as a right ventricular to left ventricular ratio greater than 1:1.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVArrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 13

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Molecular genetics in 4408 cardiomyopathy probands and 3008 relatives in Norway: 17 years of genetic testing in a national laboratory.
Stava TT, Leren TP, Bogsrud MP
Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022 Oct 18;29(13):1789-1799. doi: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac102. PMID: 35653365
Genotype-phenotype correlation in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy-risk of arrhythmias and heart failure.
Christensen AH, Platonov PG, Jensen HK, Chivulescu M, Svensson A, Dahlberg P, Madsen T, Frederiksen TC, Heliö T, Lie ØH, Haugaa KH, Hastrup Svendsen J, Bundgaard H
J Med Genet 2022 Sep;59(9):858-864. Epub 2021 Aug 16 doi: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-107911. PMID: 34400560
Definition and treatment of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: an updated expert panel report.
Elliott PM, Anastasakis A, Asimaki A, Basso C, Bauce B, Brooke MA, Calkins H, Corrado D, Duru F, Green KJ, Judge DP, Kelsell D, Lambiase PD, McKenna WJ, Pilichou K, Protonotarios A, Saffitz JE, Syrris P, Tandri H, Te Riele A, Thiene G, Tsatsopoulou A, van Tintelen JP
Eur J Heart Fail 2019 Aug;21(8):955-964. Epub 2019 Jun 18 doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1534. PMID: 31210398Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Clinical features and outcomes in carriers of pathogenic desmoplakin variants.
Gasperetti A, Carrick RT, Protonotarios A, Murray B, Laredo M, van der Schaaf I, Lekanne RH, Syrris P, Cannie D, Tichnell C, Cappelletto C, Gigli M, Medo K, Saguner AM, Duru F, Gilotra NA, Zimmerman S, Hylind R, Abrams DJ, Lakdawala NK, Cadrin-Tourigny J, Targetti M, Olivotto I, Graziosi M, Cox M, Biagini E, Charron P, Casella M, Tondo C, Yazdani M, Ware JS, Prasad SK, Calò L, Smith ED, Helms AS, Hespe S, Ingles J, Tandri H, Ader F, Peretto G, Peters S, Horton A, Yao J, Dittmann S, Schulze-Bahr E, Qureshi M, Young K, Carruth ED, Haggerty C, Parikh VN, Taylor M, Mestroni L, Wilde A, Sinagra G, Merlo M, Gandjbakhch E, van Tintelen JP, Te Riele ASJM, Elliott PM, Calkins H, James CA
Eur Heart J 2025 Jan 21;46(4):362-376. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae571. PMID: 39288222Free PMC Article
Phenotype and Clinical Outcomes in Desmin-Related Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy.
Bermudez-Jimenez FJ, Protonotarios A, García-Hernández S, Pérez Asensio A, Rampazzo A, Zorio E, Brodehl A, Arias MA, Macías-Ruiz R, Fernández-Armenta J, Remior Perez P, Muñoz-Esparza C, Pilichou K, Bauce B, Merino JL, Moliner-Abós C, Ochoa JP, Barriales-Villa R, Garcia-Pavia P, Lopes LR, Syrris P, Corrado D, Elliott PM, McKenna WJ, Jimenez-Jaimez J
JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024 Jun;10(6):1178-1190. Epub 2024 May 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2024.02.031. PMID: 38727660
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator use in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in North America and Europe.
Carrick RT, De Marco C, Gasperetti A, Bosman LP, Gourraud JB, Trancuccio A, Mazzanti A, Murray B, Pendleton C, Tichnell C, Tandri H, Zeppenfeld K, Wilde AAM, Davies B, Seifer C, Roberts JD, Healey JS, MacIntyre C, Alqarawi W, Tadros R, Cutler MJ, Targetti M, Calò L, Vitali F, Bertini M, Compagnucci P, Casella M, Dello Russo A, Cappelletto C, De Luca A, Stolfo D, Duru F, Jensen HK, Svensson A, Dahlberg P, Hasselberg NE, Di Marco A, Jordà P, Arbelo E, Moreno Weidmann Z, Borowiec K, Delinière A, Biernacka EK, van Tintelen JP, Platonov PG, Olivotto I, Saguner AM, Haugaa KH, Cox M, Tondo C, Merlo M, Krahn AD, Te Riele ASJM, Wu KC, Calkins H, James CA, Cadrin-Tourigny J
Eur Heart J 2024 Feb 16;45(7):538-548. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad799. PMID: 38195003Free PMC Article
Molecular genetics in 4408 cardiomyopathy probands and 3008 relatives in Norway: 17 years of genetic testing in a national laboratory.
Stava TT, Leren TP, Bogsrud MP
Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022 Oct 18;29(13):1789-1799. doi: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac102. PMID: 35653365
Reevaluation of genetic variants previously associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy integrating population-based cohorts and proteomics data.
Ye JZ, Delmar M, Lundby A, Olesen MS
Clin Genet 2019 Dec;96(6):506-514. Epub 2019 Aug 19 doi: 10.1111/cge.13621. PMID: 31402444

Diagnosis

Clinical features and outcomes in carriers of pathogenic desmoplakin variants.
Gasperetti A, Carrick RT, Protonotarios A, Murray B, Laredo M, van der Schaaf I, Lekanne RH, Syrris P, Cannie D, Tichnell C, Cappelletto C, Gigli M, Medo K, Saguner AM, Duru F, Gilotra NA, Zimmerman S, Hylind R, Abrams DJ, Lakdawala NK, Cadrin-Tourigny J, Targetti M, Olivotto I, Graziosi M, Cox M, Biagini E, Charron P, Casella M, Tondo C, Yazdani M, Ware JS, Prasad SK, Calò L, Smith ED, Helms AS, Hespe S, Ingles J, Tandri H, Ader F, Peretto G, Peters S, Horton A, Yao J, Dittmann S, Schulze-Bahr E, Qureshi M, Young K, Carruth ED, Haggerty C, Parikh VN, Taylor M, Mestroni L, Wilde A, Sinagra G, Merlo M, Gandjbakhch E, van Tintelen JP, Te Riele ASJM, Elliott PM, Calkins H, James CA
Eur Heart J 2025 Jan 21;46(4):362-376. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae571. PMID: 39288222Free PMC Article
Molecular genetics in 4408 cardiomyopathy probands and 3008 relatives in Norway: 17 years of genetic testing in a national laboratory.
Stava TT, Leren TP, Bogsrud MP
Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022 Oct 18;29(13):1789-1799. doi: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac102. PMID: 35653365
Reevaluation of genetic variants previously associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy integrating population-based cohorts and proteomics data.
Ye JZ, Delmar M, Lundby A, Olesen MS
Clin Genet 2019 Dec;96(6):506-514. Epub 2019 Aug 19 doi: 10.1111/cge.13621. PMID: 31402444
Myocardial voltage ratio in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy.
Müssigbrodt A, Bertagnolli L, Efimova E, Kosiuk J, Dinov B, Bode K, Kircher S, Dagres N, Döring M, Richter S, Sommer P, Husser D, Bollmann A, Hindricks G, Arya A
Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2017 Jun;28(2):219-224. Epub 2017 May 23 doi: 10.1007/s00399-017-0508-0. PMID: 28536891
Diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia: proposed modification of the task force criteria.
Marcus FI, McKenna WJ, Sherrill D, Basso C, Bauce B, Bluemke DA, Calkins H, Corrado D, Cox MG, Daubert JP, Fontaine G, Gear K, Hauer R, Nava A, Picard MH, Protonotarios N, Saffitz JE, Sanborn DM, Steinberg JS, Tandri H, Thiene G, Towbin JA, Tsatsopoulou A, Wichter T, Zareba W
Circulation 2010 Apr 6;121(13):1533-41. Epub 2010 Feb 19 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.840827. PMID: 20172911Free PMC Article

Therapy

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator use in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in North America and Europe.
Carrick RT, De Marco C, Gasperetti A, Bosman LP, Gourraud JB, Trancuccio A, Mazzanti A, Murray B, Pendleton C, Tichnell C, Tandri H, Zeppenfeld K, Wilde AAM, Davies B, Seifer C, Roberts JD, Healey JS, MacIntyre C, Alqarawi W, Tadros R, Cutler MJ, Targetti M, Calò L, Vitali F, Bertini M, Compagnucci P, Casella M, Dello Russo A, Cappelletto C, De Luca A, Stolfo D, Duru F, Jensen HK, Svensson A, Dahlberg P, Hasselberg NE, Di Marco A, Jordà P, Arbelo E, Moreno Weidmann Z, Borowiec K, Delinière A, Biernacka EK, van Tintelen JP, Platonov PG, Olivotto I, Saguner AM, Haugaa KH, Cox M, Tondo C, Merlo M, Krahn AD, Te Riele ASJM, Wu KC, Calkins H, James CA, Cadrin-Tourigny J
Eur Heart J 2024 Feb 16;45(7):538-548. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad799. PMID: 38195003Free PMC Article
New drug discovery of cardiac anti-arrhythmic drugs: insights in animal models.
Sharma AK, Singh S, Bhat M, Gill K, Zaid M, Kumar S, Shakya A, Tantray J, Jose D, Gupta R, Yangzom T, Sharma RK, Sahu SK, Rathore G, Chandolia P, Singh M, Mishra A, Raj S, Gupta A, Agarwal M, Kifayat S, Gupta A, Gupta P, Vashist A, Vaibhav P, Kathuria N, Yadav V, Singh RP, Garg A
Sci Rep 2023 Sep 29;13(1):16420. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41942-4. PMID: 37775650Free PMC Article
Safety and Utility of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia.
Scheel PJ 3rd, Florido R, Hsu S, Murray B, Tichnell C, James CA, Agafonova J, Tandri H, Judge DP, Russell SD, Tedford RJ, Calkins H, Gilotra NA
J Am Heart Assoc 2020 Feb 4;9(3):e013695. Epub 2020 Feb 3 doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.013695. PMID: 32009524Free PMC Article
Pregnancy and newborn outcomes in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia.
Gandjbakhch E, Varlet E, Duthoit G, Fressart V, Charron P, Himbert C, Maupain C, Bordet C, Hidden-Lucet F, Nizard J
Int J Cardiol 2018 May 1;258:172-178. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.11.067. PMID: 29544927
Diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia: proposed modification of the task force criteria.
Marcus FI, McKenna WJ, Sherrill D, Basso C, Bauce B, Bluemke DA, Calkins H, Corrado D, Cox MG, Daubert JP, Fontaine G, Gear K, Hauer R, Nava A, Picard MH, Protonotarios N, Saffitz JE, Sanborn DM, Steinberg JS, Tandri H, Thiene G, Towbin JA, Tsatsopoulou A, Wichter T, Zareba W
Circulation 2010 Apr 6;121(13):1533-41. Epub 2010 Feb 19 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.840827. PMID: 20172911Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Clinical features and outcomes in carriers of pathogenic desmoplakin variants.
Gasperetti A, Carrick RT, Protonotarios A, Murray B, Laredo M, van der Schaaf I, Lekanne RH, Syrris P, Cannie D, Tichnell C, Cappelletto C, Gigli M, Medo K, Saguner AM, Duru F, Gilotra NA, Zimmerman S, Hylind R, Abrams DJ, Lakdawala NK, Cadrin-Tourigny J, Targetti M, Olivotto I, Graziosi M, Cox M, Biagini E, Charron P, Casella M, Tondo C, Yazdani M, Ware JS, Prasad SK, Calò L, Smith ED, Helms AS, Hespe S, Ingles J, Tandri H, Ader F, Peretto G, Peters S, Horton A, Yao J, Dittmann S, Schulze-Bahr E, Qureshi M, Young K, Carruth ED, Haggerty C, Parikh VN, Taylor M, Mestroni L, Wilde A, Sinagra G, Merlo M, Gandjbakhch E, van Tintelen JP, Te Riele ASJM, Elliott PM, Calkins H, James CA
Eur Heart J 2025 Jan 21;46(4):362-376. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae571. PMID: 39288222Free PMC Article
Phenotype and Clinical Outcomes in Desmin-Related Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy.
Bermudez-Jimenez FJ, Protonotarios A, García-Hernández S, Pérez Asensio A, Rampazzo A, Zorio E, Brodehl A, Arias MA, Macías-Ruiz R, Fernández-Armenta J, Remior Perez P, Muñoz-Esparza C, Pilichou K, Bauce B, Merino JL, Moliner-Abós C, Ochoa JP, Barriales-Villa R, Garcia-Pavia P, Lopes LR, Syrris P, Corrado D, Elliott PM, McKenna WJ, Jimenez-Jaimez J
JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024 Jun;10(6):1178-1190. Epub 2024 May 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2024.02.031. PMID: 38727660
Right heart strain in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: implications for cardiovascular outcome.
Anwer S, Stollenwerk L, Winkler NE, Guastafierro F, Hebeisen M, Akdis D, Saguner AM, Brunckhorst C, Duru F, Tanner FC
Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2024 Jul 31;25(8):1061-1068. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jeae117. PMID: 38683812Free PMC Article
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator use in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in North America and Europe.
Carrick RT, De Marco C, Gasperetti A, Bosman LP, Gourraud JB, Trancuccio A, Mazzanti A, Murray B, Pendleton C, Tichnell C, Tandri H, Zeppenfeld K, Wilde AAM, Davies B, Seifer C, Roberts JD, Healey JS, MacIntyre C, Alqarawi W, Tadros R, Cutler MJ, Targetti M, Calò L, Vitali F, Bertini M, Compagnucci P, Casella M, Dello Russo A, Cappelletto C, De Luca A, Stolfo D, Duru F, Jensen HK, Svensson A, Dahlberg P, Hasselberg NE, Di Marco A, Jordà P, Arbelo E, Moreno Weidmann Z, Borowiec K, Delinière A, Biernacka EK, van Tintelen JP, Platonov PG, Olivotto I, Saguner AM, Haugaa KH, Cox M, Tondo C, Merlo M, Krahn AD, Te Riele ASJM, Wu KC, Calkins H, James CA, Cadrin-Tourigny J
Eur Heart J 2024 Feb 16;45(7):538-548. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad799. PMID: 38195003Free PMC Article
Myocardial voltage ratio in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy.
Müssigbrodt A, Bertagnolli L, Efimova E, Kosiuk J, Dinov B, Bode K, Kircher S, Dagres N, Döring M, Richter S, Sommer P, Husser D, Bollmann A, Hindricks G, Arya A
Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2017 Jun;28(2):219-224. Epub 2017 May 23 doi: 10.1007/s00399-017-0508-0. PMID: 28536891

Clinical prediction guides

Clinical features and outcomes in carriers of pathogenic desmoplakin variants.
Gasperetti A, Carrick RT, Protonotarios A, Murray B, Laredo M, van der Schaaf I, Lekanne RH, Syrris P, Cannie D, Tichnell C, Cappelletto C, Gigli M, Medo K, Saguner AM, Duru F, Gilotra NA, Zimmerman S, Hylind R, Abrams DJ, Lakdawala NK, Cadrin-Tourigny J, Targetti M, Olivotto I, Graziosi M, Cox M, Biagini E, Charron P, Casella M, Tondo C, Yazdani M, Ware JS, Prasad SK, Calò L, Smith ED, Helms AS, Hespe S, Ingles J, Tandri H, Ader F, Peretto G, Peters S, Horton A, Yao J, Dittmann S, Schulze-Bahr E, Qureshi M, Young K, Carruth ED, Haggerty C, Parikh VN, Taylor M, Mestroni L, Wilde A, Sinagra G, Merlo M, Gandjbakhch E, van Tintelen JP, Te Riele ASJM, Elliott PM, Calkins H, James CA
Eur Heart J 2025 Jan 21;46(4):362-376. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae571. PMID: 39288222Free PMC Article
Phenotype and Clinical Outcomes in Desmin-Related Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy.
Bermudez-Jimenez FJ, Protonotarios A, García-Hernández S, Pérez Asensio A, Rampazzo A, Zorio E, Brodehl A, Arias MA, Macías-Ruiz R, Fernández-Armenta J, Remior Perez P, Muñoz-Esparza C, Pilichou K, Bauce B, Merino JL, Moliner-Abós C, Ochoa JP, Barriales-Villa R, Garcia-Pavia P, Lopes LR, Syrris P, Corrado D, Elliott PM, McKenna WJ, Jimenez-Jaimez J
JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024 Jun;10(6):1178-1190. Epub 2024 May 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2024.02.031. PMID: 38727660
Right heart strain in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: implications for cardiovascular outcome.
Anwer S, Stollenwerk L, Winkler NE, Guastafierro F, Hebeisen M, Akdis D, Saguner AM, Brunckhorst C, Duru F, Tanner FC
Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2024 Jul 31;25(8):1061-1068. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jeae117. PMID: 38683812Free PMC Article
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator use in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in North America and Europe.
Carrick RT, De Marco C, Gasperetti A, Bosman LP, Gourraud JB, Trancuccio A, Mazzanti A, Murray B, Pendleton C, Tichnell C, Tandri H, Zeppenfeld K, Wilde AAM, Davies B, Seifer C, Roberts JD, Healey JS, MacIntyre C, Alqarawi W, Tadros R, Cutler MJ, Targetti M, Calò L, Vitali F, Bertini M, Compagnucci P, Casella M, Dello Russo A, Cappelletto C, De Luca A, Stolfo D, Duru F, Jensen HK, Svensson A, Dahlberg P, Hasselberg NE, Di Marco A, Jordà P, Arbelo E, Moreno Weidmann Z, Borowiec K, Delinière A, Biernacka EK, van Tintelen JP, Platonov PG, Olivotto I, Saguner AM, Haugaa KH, Cox M, Tondo C, Merlo M, Krahn AD, Te Riele ASJM, Wu KC, Calkins H, James CA, Cadrin-Tourigny J
Eur Heart J 2024 Feb 16;45(7):538-548. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad799. PMID: 38195003Free PMC Article
Clinical Characteristics and Follow-Up of Pediatric-Onset Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy.
Roudijk RW, Verheul L, Bosman LP, Bourfiss M, Breur JMPJ, Slieker MG, Blank AC, Dooijes D, van der Heijden JF, van den Heuvel F, Clur SA, Udink Ten Cate FEA, van den Berg MP, Wilde AAM, Asselbergs FW, Peter van Tintelen J, Te Riele ASJM
JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2022 Mar;8(3):306-318. Epub 2021 Dec 22 doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2021.09.001. PMID: 35331425

Recent systematic reviews

The role of MicroRNAs in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: A systematic review.
Kuch A, Procyk G, Borowiec K, Gąsecka A, Biernacka EK
Kardiol Pol 2025;83(4):436-446. Epub 2025 Jan 2 doi: 10.33963/v.phj.104204. PMID: 39743892
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Prevalence and Arrhythmic Outcomes in At-Risk Family Members: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Sharma A, Bosman LP, Tichnell C, Nanavati J, Murray B, Nonyane BAS, Tandri H, Calkins H, James CA
Circ Genom Precis Med 2022 Jun;15(3):e003530. Epub 2022 May 17 doi: 10.1161/CIRCGEN.121.003530. PMID: 35579515
Endo-epicardial ablation vs endocardial ablation for the management of ventricular tachycardia in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Romero J, Patel K, Briceno D, Alviz I, Gabr M, Diaz JC, Trivedi C, Mohanty S, Della Rocca D, Al-Ahmad A, Yang R, Rios S, Cerna L, Du X, Tarantino N, Zhang XD, Lakkireddy D, Natale A, Di Biase L
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020 Aug;31(8):2022-2031. Epub 2020 Jun 18 doi: 10.1111/jce.14593. PMID: 32478430
Prevalence of atrial arrhythmia in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Rujirachun P, Wattanachayakul P, Charoenngam N, Winijkul A, Ungprasert P
J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2020 May;21(5):368-376. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000000962. PMID: 32243340
Genotype-phenotype relationship in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy caused by desmosomal gene mutations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Xu Z, Zhu W, Wang C, Huang L, Zhou Q, Hu J, Cheng X, Hong K
Sci Rep 2017 Jan 25;7:41387. doi: 10.1038/srep41387. PMID: 28120905Free PMC Article

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