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Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

MedGen UID:
10320
•Concept ID:
C0027849
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndromes; NMS (Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome); NMSs (Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome); Syndrome, Neuroleptic Malignant; Syndromes, Neuroleptic Malignant
SNOMED CT: Malignant neuroleptic syndrome (15244003); NMS - Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (15244003); Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (15244003)
Modes of inheritance:
Unknown inheritance
MedGen UID:
989040
•Concept ID:
CN307042
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
Hereditary clinical entity whose mode of inheritance is unknown.
See: This record
Unknown inheritance (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0019790
Orphanet: ORPHA94093

Definition

A rare neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with administration of antipsychotic or other central dopamine (D2) receptor antagonists, and characterized by hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, autonomic dysfunction and altered consciousness. [from ORDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The diagnosis and treatment of catatonia.
Rogers JP, Zandi MS, David AS
Clin Med (Lond) 2023 May;23(3):242-245. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2023-0113. PMID: 37236789Free PMC Article
Evidence-based consensus guidelines for the management of catatonia: Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology.
Rogers JP, Oldham MA, Fricchione G, Northoff G, Ellen Wilson J, Mann SC, Francis A, Wieck A, Elizabeth Wachtel L, Lewis G, Grover S, Hirjak D, Ahuja N, Zandi MS, Young AH, Fone K, Andrews S, Kessler D, Saifee T, Gee S, Baldwin DS, David AS
J Psychopharmacol 2023 Apr;37(4):327-369. Epub 2023 Apr 11 doi: 10.1177/02698811231158232. PMID: 37039129Free PMC Article
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: Diagnosis and Management.
Ware MR, Feller DB, Hall KL
Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2018 Jan 4;20(1) doi: 10.4088/PCC.17r02185. PMID: 29325237

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Evidence-based consensus guidelines for the management of catatonia: Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology.
Rogers JP, Oldham MA, Fricchione G, Northoff G, Ellen Wilson J, Mann SC, Francis A, Wieck A, Elizabeth Wachtel L, Lewis G, Grover S, Hirjak D, Ahuja N, Zandi MS, Young AH, Fone K, Andrews S, Kessler D, Saifee T, Gee S, Baldwin DS, David AS
J Psychopharmacol 2023 Apr;37(4):327-369. Epub 2023 Apr 11 doi: 10.1177/02698811231158232. PMID: 37039129Free PMC Article
The psychopharmacology of catatonia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia, and dystonia.
Sienaert P, van Harten P, Rhebergen D
Handb Clin Neurol 2019;165:415-428. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64012-3.00025-3. PMID: 31727227
Movement Disorders Emergencies.
Rajan S, Kaas B, Moukheiber E
Semin Neurol 2019 Feb;39(1):125-136. Epub 2019 Feb 11 doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1677050. PMID: 30743298
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Review from a Clinically Oriented Perspective.
Tse L, Barr AM, Scarapicchia V, Vila-Rodriguez F
Curr Neuropharmacol 2015;13(3):395-406. doi: 10.2174/1570159x13999150424113345. PMID: 26411967Free PMC Article
Serotonin syndrome vs neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a contrast of causes, diagnoses, and management.
Perry PJ, Wilborn CA
Ann Clin Psychiatry 2012 May;24(2):155-62. PMID: 22563571

Diagnosis

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.
Wijdicks EFM, Ropper AH
N Engl J Med 2024 Sep 26;391(12):1130-1138. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra2404606. PMID: 39321364
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome and serotonin syndrome.
Tormoehlen LM, Rusyniak DE
Handb Clin Neurol 2018;157:663-675. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64074-1.00039-2. PMID: 30459031
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: Diagnosis and Management.
Ware MR, Feller DB, Hall KL
Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2018 Jan 4;20(1) doi: 10.4088/PCC.17r02185. PMID: 29325237
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.
Pileggi DJ, Cook AM
Ann Pharmacother 2016 Nov;50(11):973-981. Epub 2016 Jul 19 doi: 10.1177/1060028016657553. PMID: 27423483
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Review from a Clinically Oriented Perspective.
Tse L, Barr AM, Scarapicchia V, Vila-Rodriguez F
Curr Neuropharmacol 2015;13(3):395-406. doi: 10.2174/1570159x13999150424113345. PMID: 26411967Free PMC Article

Therapy

Quetiapine-Induced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.
Saraiva R, Côrte-Real B, Cordeiro C, Gonçalves MJ, Abreu M, Coentre R
Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2023 Mar 23;25(2) doi: 10.4088/PCC.22cr03332. PMID: 36963375
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.
Pileggi DJ, Cook AM
Ann Pharmacother 2016 Nov;50(11):973-981. Epub 2016 Jul 19 doi: 10.1177/1060028016657553. PMID: 27423483
Serotonin syndrome vs neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a contrast of causes, diagnoses, and management.
Perry PJ, Wilborn CA
Ann Clin Psychiatry 2012 May;24(2):155-62. PMID: 22563571
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Moscovich M, Nóvak FT, Fernandes AF, Bruch T, Tomelin T, Nóvak EM, Munhoz RP, Teive HA
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2011 Oct;69(5):751-5. doi: 10.1590/s0004-282x2011000600005. PMID: 22042175
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Kornhuber J, Weller M
Curr Opin Neurol 1994 Aug;7(4):353-7. doi: 10.1097/00019052-199408000-00013. PMID: 7952245

Prognosis

Malignant syndromes: current advances.
Tao M, Li J, Wang X, Tian X
Expert Opin Drug Saf 2021 Sep;20(9):1075-1085. Epub 2021 Apr 26 doi: 10.1080/14740338.2021.1919622. PMID: 33866917
Encephalitis associated with antibodies against the NMDA receptor.
Guasp M, Dalmau J
Med Clin (Barc) 2018 Jul 23;151(2):71-79. Epub 2017 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.10.015. PMID: 29183618
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Review from a Clinically Oriented Perspective.
Tse L, Barr AM, Scarapicchia V, Vila-Rodriguez F
Curr Neuropharmacol 2015;13(3):395-406. doi: 10.2174/1570159x13999150424113345. PMID: 26411967Free PMC Article
Second-generation antipsychotics and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: systematic review and case report analysis.
Belvederi Murri M, Guaglianone A, Bugliani M, Calcagno P, Respino M, Serafini G, Innamorati M, Pompili M, Amore M
Drugs R D 2015 Mar;15(1):45-62. doi: 10.1007/s40268-014-0078-0. PMID: 25578944Free PMC Article
Rhabdomyolysis: an evaluation of 475 hospitalized patients.
Melli G, Chaudhry V, Cornblath DR
Medicine (Baltimore) 2005 Nov;84(6):377-385. doi: 10.1097/01.md.0000188565.48918.41. PMID: 16267412

Clinical prediction guides

Incidence of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome During Antipsychotic Treatment in Children and Youth: A National Cohort Study.
Ray WA, Fuchs DC, Olfson M, Stein CM, Murray KT, Daugherty J, Cooper WO
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2024 Nov;34(9):397-406. Epub 2024 Sep 13 doi: 10.1089/cap.2024.0047. PMID: 39268665Free PMC Article
The diagnosis and treatment of catatonia.
Rogers JP, Zandi MS, David AS
Clin Med (Lond) 2023 May;23(3):242-245. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2023-0113. PMID: 37236789Free PMC Article
Evidence-based consensus guidelines for the management of catatonia: Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology.
Rogers JP, Oldham MA, Fricchione G, Northoff G, Ellen Wilson J, Mann SC, Francis A, Wieck A, Elizabeth Wachtel L, Lewis G, Grover S, Hirjak D, Ahuja N, Zandi MS, Young AH, Fone K, Andrews S, Kessler D, Saifee T, Gee S, Baldwin DS, David AS
J Psychopharmacol 2023 Apr;37(4):327-369. Epub 2023 Apr 11 doi: 10.1177/02698811231158232. PMID: 37039129Free PMC Article
Encephalitis associated with antibodies against the NMDA receptor.
Guasp M, Dalmau J
Med Clin (Barc) 2018 Jul 23;151(2):71-79. Epub 2017 Nov 26 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.10.015. PMID: 29183618
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Kornhuber J, Weller M
Curr Opin Neurol 1994 Aug;7(4):353-7. doi: 10.1097/00019052-199408000-00013. PMID: 7952245

Recent systematic reviews

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in children and adolescents: Systematic review of case reports.
León-Amenero D, Huarcaya-Victoria J
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr (Engl Ed) 2021 Oct-Dec;50(4):290-300. Epub 2021 Nov 4 doi: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2019.10.006. PMID: 34742696
Intravenous haloperidol: A systematic review of side effects and recommendations for clinical use.
Beach SR, Gross AF, Hartney KE, Taylor JB, Rundell JR
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2020 Nov-Dec;67:42-50. Epub 2020 Aug 22 doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.08.008. PMID: 32979582
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in patients with cancer: a systematic review.
Sato I, Onishi H, Kawanishi C, Yamada S, Ishida M, Kawakami K
BMJ Support Palliat Care 2020 Sep;10(3):265-270. Epub 2020 May 15 doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002200. PMID: 32414787
Clozapine Rechallenge Following Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Systematic Review.
Lally J, McCaffrey C, OʼMurchu C, Krivoy A, Guerandel A, MacCabe JH, Gaughran F
J Clin Psychopharmacol 2019 Jul/Aug;39(4):372-379. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000001048. PMID: 31205196
Second-generation antipsychotics and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: systematic review and case report analysis.
Belvederi Murri M, Guaglianone A, Bugliani M, Calcagno P, Respino M, Serafini G, Innamorati M, Pompili M, Amore M
Drugs R D 2015 Mar;15(1):45-62. doi: 10.1007/s40268-014-0078-0. PMID: 25578944Free PMC Article

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