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| Status |
Public on Jun 21, 2012 |
| Title |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein regulates cell stress responses and apoptosis |
| Platform organism |
Homo sapiens |
| Sample organism |
Chlorocebus aethiops |
| Experiment type |
Expression profiling by array
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| Summary |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV) that lacks the envelope (E) gene (rSARS-CoV-ΔE) is attenuated in vivo [1,2]. To identify factors that contribute to rSARS-CoV-ΔE attenuation, gene expression in cells infected by SARS-CoV with or without E gene was compared. Twenty-five stress response genes were preferentially upregulated during infection in the absence of the E gene. In addition, genes involved in signal transduction, transcription, cell metabolism, immunoregulation, inflammation, apoptosis and cell cycle and differentiation were differentially regulated in cells infected with rSARS-CoV with or without the E gene. Administration of E protein in trans reduced the stress response in cells infected with rSARS-CoV-ΔE, with respiratory syncytial virus, or treated with drugs, such as tunicamycin and thapsigarcin that elicit cell stress by different mechanisms. In addition, SARS-CoV E protein down-regulated the signaling pathway inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1) of the unfolded protein response, but not the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) or activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6) pathways, and reduced cell apoptosis. Overall, the activation of the IRE-1 pathway was not able to restore cell homeostasis, and apoptosis was induced probably as a meassure to protect the host by limiting virus production and dissemination. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines was reduced in rSARS-CoV-ΔE-infected cells compared to rSARS-CoV-infected cells, suggesting that the increase in stress responses and the reduction of inflammation in the absence of the E gene contributed to the attenuation of rSARS-CoV-ΔE.
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| Overall design |
We used Affymetrix microarrays (Human Genome U133 plus 2.0) to compare global gene expression between SARS-CoV-infected, mock-infected and SARS-CoV-ΔE-infected cells. For ech type of sample three hybridizations were carried-out (independent biological replicates).
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| Contributor(s) |
DeDiego ML, Nieto-Torres JL, Jiménez-Guardeño JM, Regla-Nava JA, Álvarez E, Oliveros JC, Zhao J, Fett C, Perlman S, Enjuanes L |
| Citation(s) |
22028656 |
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| Submission date |
Jul 12, 2011 |
| Last update date |
Mar 25, 2019 |
| Contact name |
Juan Carlos Oliveros |
| Organization name |
CNB, CSIC
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| Street address |
Darwin 3
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| City |
Cantoblanco |
| State/province |
Madrid |
| ZIP/Postal code |
28049 |
| Country |
Spain |
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| Platforms (1) |
| GPL570 |
[HG-U133_Plus_2] Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array |
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| Samples (33)
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| Relations |
| BioProject |
PRJNA144563 |
| Supplementary file |
Size |
Download |
File type/resource |
| GSE30589_RAW.tar |
145.6 Mb |
(http)(custom) |
TAR (of CEL) |
| Processed data included within Sample table |
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