Shigella. This genus is named for the Japanese scientist (Shiga) who first discovered these organisms in the 1890s. They are closely related to the
Escherichia group, and may be considered the same species. These organisms are human-specific pathogens that are transmitted via contaminated food and water and are the leading causes
More...of endemic bacillary dysentery, causing over 160 million cases of infection and 1 million deaths yearly worldwide. The bacteria infect the epithelial lining of the colon, causing acute inflammation by entering the host cell cytoplasm and spreading intercellularly. Shigella spp. are extremely virulent organisms that can cause an active infection after a very low exposure. Virulence functions are contained on pathogenicity islands (PAIs) that are scattered around the chromosome or on large virulence plasmids. Both the type III secretion system, which delivers effector molecules into the host cell, and some of the translocated effectors such as the invasion plasmid antigens (Ipas), are encoded on the plasmid. Two important cytotoxins (shigatoxins Stx1 and 2) are carried by phage that have integrated into the chromosome, one of which inhibits protein synthesis once it enters the eukaryotic cell. One important aspect of Shigella pathogenesis is the intercellular spreading phenotype. The bacterium produces a surface protein that localizes to one pole of the cell (IcsA) which binds to and promotes actin polymerization, resulting in movement of the bacterium through the cell cytoplasm, and eventually to neighboring cells, which results in inflammatory destruction of the mucosal lining.Shigella boydii.This species is uncommon except in India, where it was first isolated. The 18 known serotypes are antigenically distinct, expressing a diverse range of toxins in addition to a Shigella-specific toxin. Progression to clinical dysentery occurs in most patients infected with this organism. Less...- FDA-ARGOS is a database with public quality-controlled reference genomes for diagnostic use and regulatory science. Sichtig H, et al. Nat Commun 2019 Jul 25
- High-Quality Complete and Draft Genome Sequences for Three Escherichia spp. and Three Shigella spp. Generated with Pacific Biosciences and Illumina Sequencing and Optical Mapping. Schroeder MR, et al. Genome Announc 2018 Jan 4
- High-Quality Whole-Genome Sequences for 21 Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strains Generated with PacBio Sequencing. Smith P, et al. Genome Announc 2018 Jan 11
- High-Quality Whole-Genome Sequences for 59 Historical Shigella Strains Generated with PacBio Sequencing. Kim J, et al. Genome Announc 2018 Apr 12
- High-Quality Whole-Genome Sequences for 77 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Generated with PacBio Sequencing. Patel PN, et al. Genome Announc 2018 May 10
- Draft Genome Sequences of 72 Isolates from All Four Species of Shigella. Gangiredla J, et al. Microbiol Resour Announc 2018 Nov
- High-Quality Genome Sequence of an Escherichia coli O157 Strain Carrying an mcr-1 Resistance Gene Isolated from a Patient in the United States. Lindsey RL, et al. Genome Announc 2017 Mar 16
- High-Quality Draft Genome Sequences for Four Drug-Resistant or Outbreak-Associated Shigella sonnei Strains Generated with PacBio Sequencing and Whole-Genome Maps. Lindsey RL, et al. Genome Announc 2017 Aug 31
- Influence of Host Ecology and Behavior on Campylobacter jejuni Prevalence and Environmental Contamination Risk in a Synanthropic Wild Bird Species. Taff CC, et al. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016 Aug 1
- High-Quality Draft Genome Sequences for Five Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Generated with PacBio Sequencing and Optical Maps. Lindsey RL, et al. Genome Announc 2016 Jun 30
- Complete Genome Sequences of a Clinical Isolate and an Environmental Isolate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Lüdeke CH, et al. Genome Announc 2015 Mar 26
- Draft Whole-Genome Sequences of 10 Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Serogroup O6 Strains. Pattabiraman V, et al. Genome Announc 2015 Jun 4
- A Year of Infection in the Intensive Care Unit: Prospective Whole Genome Sequencing of Bacterial Clinical Isolates Reveals Cryptic Transmissions and Novel Microbiota. Roach DJ, et al. PLoS Genet 2015 Jul
- Complete Genome Sequences of Two Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains from Serotypes O119:H4 and O165:H25. Lindsey RL, et al. Genome Announc 2015 Dec 17
- Draft Whole-Genome Sequences of Nine Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains. Lindsey RL, et al. Genome Announc 2014 Jul 10
- Genome Sequences of 228 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates and 12 Isolates Representing Other Diarrheagenic E. coli Pathotypes. Trees E, et al. Genome Announc 2014 Aug 7
- Genome dynamics and diversity of Shigella species, the etiologic agents of bacillary dysentery. Yang F, et al. Nucleic Acids Res 2005
- Multiple independent origins of Shigella clones of Escherichia coli and convergent evolution of many of their characteristics. Pupo GM, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000 Sep 12
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Reference genome:  
Shigella boydii ASM357230v1|
Type
|
Name
|
RefSeq
|
INSDC
|
Size (Mb)
|
GC%
|
Protein
|
rRNA
|
tRNA
|
Other RNA
|
Gene
|
Pseudogene
|
|---|
| Un | - | . | - | 4.45 | 50.8 | 3,917 | 5 | 59 | 7 | 4,450 | 462 | |
|