Genome

Brassica oleracea (wild cabbage) Includes important vegetable crops like cauliflower, cabbage, broccoli, kale etc. Lineage: Eukaryota[13303]; Viridiplantae[1443]; Streptophyta[1342]; Embryophyta[1333]; Tracheophyta[1315]; Spermatophyta[1299]; Magnoliopsida[1275]; eudicotyledons[1029]; Gunneridae[1029]; Pentapetalae[1029]; rosids[649]; malvids[260]; Brassicales[94]; Brassicaceae[90]; Brassiceae[22]; Brassica[9]; Brassica oleracea[1]

The genus Brassica includes several economically important plants. They are used as vegetables, fodder, and as a source of vegetable oil and condiments. Several species are rich in vitamins and anti-carcinogenic compounds. There are six Brassica species growing throughout the world. Three of those are diploid - B. rapa (AA genome More...type, 2n=20), B. nigra (BB genome type, 2n=16), and B. oleracea (CC genome type, 2n=18) which have hybridized to give rise to three amphidiploids, B. napus (AACC, 2n=38), B. juncea (AABB, 2n=36), and B. carinata (BBCC, 2n=34). These different species exhibit different morphological characteristics. Many groups throughout the world have been working on various aspects of Brassica genome. In 2002 it was decided to integrate various Brassica projects under the Multinational Brassica Genome Project. Information about it is being maintained at the Brassica Genome Gateway website. B. oleracea is a diploid species with CC genome type and 9 haploid chromosomes. Estimated genome size varies from 599 - 868 Mb, depending on the species. Various subspecies of B. oleracea show different morphological characteristics like enlarged terminal bud in cabbage, flowering structure made of compact head of undeveloped white flower buds in cauliflower; enlarged stem in kohlrabi, numerous lateral buds in brussels sprouts, and, enlarged stem and flower in broccoli. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), UK has funded a Brassica Genome Project. The aim is to
1) create physical map of B. oleracea genome by fingerprinting BAC libraries and
2) to integrate it with Arabidopsis genome sequence by hybridization with selected gene anchor probes. Less...

Summary Sequence data:  genome assemblies: 5; sequence reads: 9  (See  Genome Assembly and Annotation report) Statistics:  median total length (Mb): 529.919  median protein count: 56687  median GC%: 36.7659 NCBI Annotation Release:  100 Publications (limited to 20 most recent records) Transcriptome and methylome profiling reveals relics of genome dominance in the mesopolyploid Brassica oleracea. Parkin IA, et al. Genome Biol 2014 Jun 10 Molecular and functional characterization of broccoli EMBRYONIC FLOWER 2 genes. Liu MS, et al. Plant Cell Physiol 2012 Jul Mitochondrial genome sequencing helps show the evolutionary mechanism of mitochondrial genome formation in Brassica. Chang S, et al. BMC Genomics 2011 Oct 11 tRNAscan-SE: a program for improved detection of transfer RNA genes in genomic sequence. Lowe TM, et al. Nucleic Acids Res 1997 Mar 1 Isolation of a cDNA coding for L-galactono-gamma-lactone dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in plants. Purification, characterization, cDNA cloning, and expression in yeast. Ostergaard J, et al. J Biol Chem 1997 Nov 28 More...  Representative (genome information for reference and representative genomes) Reference genome:   Brassica oleracea var. oleracea Submitter: CanSeq Loc Type Name RefSeq INSDC Size (Mb) GC% Protein rRNA tRNA Other RNA Gene Pseudogene Chr C1 NC_027748.1 CM002784.1 43.76 37.4 5,365 - 68 839 5,057 412 Chr C2 NC_027749.1 CM002785.1 52.89 37.2 5,512 - 89 1,090 5,368 530 Chr C3 NC_027750.1 CM002786.1 64.98 37.0 8,513 - 159 1,290 8,015 681 Chr C4 NC_027751.1 CM002787.1 53.72 37.1 6,234 - 95 1,052 5,996 546 Chr C5 NC_027752.1 CM002788.1 46.9 37.5 6,008 - 91 1,071 5,538 374 Chr C6 NC_027753.1 CM002789.1 39.82 37.1 4,640 - 65 845 4,413 402 Chr C7 NC_027754.1 CM002790.1 48.37 37.2 5,852 - 102 984 5,441 413 Chr C8 NC_027755.1 CM002791.1 41.76 37.3 5,721 - 135 863 5,272 401 Chr C9 NC_027756.1 CM002792.1 54.68 37.2 6,589 - 138 1,179 6,222 493 - NC_016118.1 - 0.36 45.2 77 3 18 - 98 - Un - . - 41.71 38.6 2,176 - 35 818 2,634 243 Chromosomes Click on chromosome name to open Genome Data Viewer External Resources ASTRA Brassica Genome Gateway Multinational brassica Project