Genome

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Causative agent of tuberculosis Lineage: Bacteria[36356]; Actinomycetota[4721]; Actinomycetes[4311]; Mycobacteriales[713]; Mycobacteriaceae[250]; Mycobacterium[119]; Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex[10]; Mycobacterium tuberculosis[6]

Mycobacterium. This genus comprises a number of Gram-positive, acid-fast, rod-shaped aerobic bacteria and is the only member of the family Mycobacteriaceae within the order Actinomycetales. Like other closely related Actinomycetales, such as Nocardia and Corynebacterium, mycobacteria have unusually high More...genomic DNA GC content and are capable of producing mycolic acids as major components of their cell wall. Mycobacterium tuberculosis.This bacterium is the causative agent of tuberculosis - a chronic infectious disease with a growing incidence worldwide. This species is responsible for more morbidity in humans than any other bacterial disease. It infects 1.7 billion people a year (~33% of the entire world population) and causes over 3 million deaths/year. This bacterium does not form a polysaccharide capsule, and is an extremely slow growing obligate aerobe. The sluggish growth rate is a result of the tough cell wall that resists the passage of nutrients into the cell and inhibits waste products to be excreted out of the cell. The specialized cell envelope of this organism resembles a modified Gram positive cell wall. The envelope contains the typical polypeptide layer, the peptidoglycan layer, and free lipids. It also contains complex fatty acids, such as mycolic acids, that cause the waxy appearance and impermeability of the envelope. These acids are found bound to the cell envelope, but also form cord factors when linked with a carbohydrate component to form a cord-like structure. These fatty acid-carbohydrate complexes inhibit phago-lysosome fusion and are often considered to be indicators of virulent strains. The cell envelope also includes adhesins and aggressions, but does not contain any known toxins. Primary infection occurs by inhalation of the organism in droplets that are aerosolized by an infected person. The organism initially replicates in cells of the terminal airways, after which it is taken up by, and replicates in, alveolar macrophages. Macrophages distribute the organism to other areas of the lungs and the regional lymph nodes. Once a cell-mediated hypersensitivity immune response develops, replication of the organism decreases and the bacteria become restricted to developing granulomas. Less...

Summary Sequence data:  genome assemblies: 7191; sequence reads: 456  (See  Genome Assembly and Annotation report) Statistics:  median total length (Mb): 4.38305  median protein count: 3912  median GC%: 65.6 Publications (limited to 20 most recent records) Evaluation of Nanopore sequencing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing and outbreak investigation: a genomic analysis. Hall MB, et al. Lancet Microbe 2023 Feb Endogenous relapse and exogenous reinfection in recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis: A retrospective study revealed by whole genome sequencing. He W, et al. Front Microbiol 2023 Genomic and geospatial epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Oman: first national insight using whole genome sequencing. Al-Jardani A, et al. Int J Infect Dis 2023 May Predominance of the East-Asian Beijing genotype in a Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-resistant population in Central Malaysia. Zamri HF, et al. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2022 Sep Genetic Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates From an Amerindian Population in Chiapas, México. Molina-Torres CA, et al. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022 Genomic Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates and Construction of a Beijing Lineage Reference Genome. Wang WF, et al. Genome Biol Evol 2020 Feb 1 TbD1 deletion as a driver of the evolutionary success of modern epidemic Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages. Bottai D, et al. Nat Commun 2020 Feb 4 Draft Genome Sequence of an Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolate, 3485_MTB, from Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. Tarlykov P, et al. Microbiol Resour Announc 2020 Mar 5 Frequency of mutations associated with resistance to first- and second-line drugs in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Bitar I, et al. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020 Sep Genomic analysis of Latin American-Mediterranean family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strains from Kazakhstan. Tarlykov P, et al. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020 Complete Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DKC2, the Predominant Danish Outbreak Strain. Norman A, et al. Microbiol Resour Announc 2019 Jan FDA-ARGOS is a database with public quality-controlled reference genomes for diagnostic use and regulatory science. Sichtig H, et al. Nat Commun 2019 Jul 25 A Major Mycobacterium tuberculosis outbreak caused by one specific genotype in a low-incidence country: Exploring gene profile virulence explanations. Folkvardsen DB, et al. Sci Rep 2018 Aug 8 Whole-genome sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphisms in multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the Philippines. Roa MB, et al. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2018 Dec A standardized bacterial taxonomy based on genome phylogeny substantially revises the tree of life. Parks DH, et al. Nat Biotechnol 2018 Nov Genome Sequences and Comparative Analysis of Two Extended-Spectrum Extensively-Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains. Kayani MR, et al. Front Pharmacol 2018 Genomic polymorphisms in a Laboratory Isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reference Strain H37Rv (ATCC27294). Santoro F, et al. New Microbiol 2017 Jan Transmission of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa. Shah NS, et al. N Engl J Med 2017 Jan 19 Secretome Prediction of Two M. tuberculosis Clinical Isolates Reveals Their High Antigenic Density and Potential Drug Targets. Cornejo-Granados F, et al. Front Microbiol 2017 Complete Genome Sequence of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strain Belonging to the East African-Indian Family in the Indo-Oceanic Lineage, Isolated in Hanoi, Vietnam. Wada T, et al. Genome Announc 2017 Jun 15 More...  Representative (genome information for reference and representative genomes) Reference genome:   Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Submitter: Sanger Institute Human Pathogen Morphology: Gram:Positive, Shape:Bacilli, Motility:No Environment: OxygenReq:Aerobic, OptimumTemperature:37, TemperatureRange:Mesophilic, Habitat:HostAssociated Phenotype: Disease:Tuberculosis Type Name RefSeq INSDC Size (Mb) GC% Protein rRNA tRNA Other RNA Gene Pseudogene Chr - NC_000962.3 AL123456.3 4.41 65.6 3,906 3 45 22 4,008 30 Dendrogram (based on genomic BLAST) External Resources Center for Tuberculosis Research TB Evidence