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    ITGAL integrin subunit alpha L [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 3683, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    ITGALprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    integrin subunit alpha Lprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:6148
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000005844 MIM:153370; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6148
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    CD11A; LFA-1; LFA1A
    Summary
    ITGAL encodes the integrin alpha L chain. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This I-domain containing alpha integrin combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), which is expressed on all leukocytes. LFA-1 plays a central role in leukocyte intercellular adhesion through interactions with its ligands, ICAMs 1-3 (intercellular adhesion molecules 1 through 3), and also functions in lymphocyte costimulatory signaling. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Biased expression in lymph node (RPKM 36.8), spleen (RPKM 35.7) and 11 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See ITGAL in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    16p11.2
    Exon count:
    32
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 16 NC_000016.10 (30472742..30523185)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 16 NC_060940.1 (30859706..30910154)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 16 NC_000016.9 (30484063..30534506)

    Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:30439454-30439954 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:30439955-30440455 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10701 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10702 Neighboring gene dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 2626 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:30456387-30457333 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3639 Neighboring gene selenophosphate synthetase 2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:30465507-30466176 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:30468045-30468546 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:30468547-30469046 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancers GRCh37_chr16:30469848-30470348 and GRCh37_chr16:30470349-30470849 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10706 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-FlowFISH-validated ITGAL regulatory element GRCh37_chr16:30483658-30484232 Neighboring gene RNA, U7 small nuclear 61 pseudogene Neighboring gene ITGAL antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene microRNA 4518 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10708 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7375 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7376 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7377 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10709 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:30544613-30545124 Neighboring gene zinc finger protein 768 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10710 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7378 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7881 Neighboring gene zinc finger protein 747 Neighboring gene ZNF747 divergent transcript Neighboring gene RPL7L1 pseudogene 16

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide association study of primary dentition pit-and-fissure and smooth surface caries.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 replication is delayed in LFA-1 negative T cells after Dendritic cell (DC)-mediated transmission; activation of LFA-1 is crucial for efficient DC-mediated HIV-1 transmission, suggesting an interaction between LFA-1 and HIV-1 gp120 PubMed
    env Anti-CD18 monoclonal antibodies completely block cell fusion between HIV-1 infected U-937 cells and MT-4 T cells, indicating participation of CD18, or of the protein complex CD11a-c/CD18, in addition to CD4, in the infection and cytopathic effect of HIV-1 PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp120 induces CD4 association with lymphocyte surface molecules CD3, CD11a, CD27, CD45RA, CD45RB, CD45RO, CD49d, CD38, CD26, CD59, CD95 and class I MHC molecules PubMed
    env The interaction of CD4+ T cells with HIV-1 gp120 on bilayers triggers LFA-1 activation and the LFA-1-ICAM-1 interaction rearrangement PubMed
    env Infectivity of an HIV-1 Matrix mutant that carries a suboptimal amount of HIV-1 gp120/41 is restored to a certain degree by the presence of ICAM-1 when infection is performed in cells expressing an activated form of its natural counter-ligand, LFA-1 PubMed
    env The gp120-integrin alpha4beta7 complex mediates LFA-1 activation on T cells and increases the efficiency of infection by promoting synapse formation PubMed
    env Cells treated with monoclonal antibodies to ICAM-1 and LFA-1 adhesion molecules show an impaired release of IFN after HIV-1 gp120 stimulation, suggesting a crucial role of cell-to-cell interactions in the process leading to IFN production PubMed
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp160 is identified to have a physical interaction with integrin, alpha L (ITGAL) in human HEK293 and/or Jurkat cell lines by using affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry analyses PubMed
    env HIV-1 gp160 downregulates lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1)-dependent adhesion between CD4+ T cells and B cells; this downregulation is shown to be p56lck-dependent PubMed
    env Antibodies against cell surface molecules LFA-1, ICAM-1, HLA-DR, and CD28 inhibit the HIV-1 gp160-induced B cell differentiation response; gp160 also induces IL-6R and CD23 molecule expression on B cells PubMed
    env ICAM-1 promotes HIV-1 gp160-mediated syncytium formation, and the ICAM-1 contrareceptor LFA-1 attenuates the syncytium-inhibiting activity of virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and soluble CD4 PubMed
    env PI3-kinase activation induced by HIV-1 gp160 leads to downregulation of LFA-1-mediated T cell adhesion to B cells PubMed
    Nef nef HIV-1 Nef-mediated downregulation of LFA1 requires the myristoylation site, the basic region , or the SH3 domain of Nef PubMed
    nef Monoclonal antibodies to the cell surface molecule leukocyte function-associated molecule (LFA)-1 alpha inhibit the Nef-induced B-cell differentiation response, suggesting an interaction between Nef and LFA-1alpha PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat inhibits the rise in intracellular free calcium concentration in Natural Killer (NK) cells upon cross-linking of the adhesion molecule CD11a and the activation molecule CD16, indicating Tat is involved in the impairment of NK cell function PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ICAM-3 receptor activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables cell adhesion molecule binding IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables cell adhesion molecule binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables integrin binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell adhesion NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell adhesion mediated by integrin IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cell-cell adhesion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cell-cell adhesion ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell-matrix adhesion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cell-matrix adhesion IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell-matrix adhesion NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in inflammatory response NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in integrin-mediated signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in integrin-mediated signaling pathway NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in leukocyte cell-cell adhesion IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in memory T cell extravasation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in phagocytosis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in receptor clustering IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in signal transduction NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    integrin alpha-L
    Names
    CD11 antigen-like family member A
    LFA-1 alpha
    LFA-1A
    antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, alpha polypeptide
    integrin gene promoter
    integrin, alpha L (antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1; alpha polypeptide)
    leukocyte adhesion glycoprotein LFA-1 alpha chain
    leukocyte function-associated molecule 1 alpha chain
    lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, alpha polypeptide

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001114380.2NP_001107852.1  integrin alpha-L isoform b precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001107852.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame segment and uses an alternate in-frame splice junction compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (b) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform a.
      Source sequence(s)
      BC008777, CA430398
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS45461.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL6
      Related
      ENSP00000350886.5, ENST00000358164.9
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00191
      Location:434486
      Int_alpha; Integrin alpha (beta-propellor repeats)
      pfam00357
      Location:10291043
      Integrin_alpha; Integrin alpha cytoplasmic region
      pfam08441
      Location:529899
      Integrin_alpha2; Integrin alpha
      cl00057
      Location:106240
      vWFA; Von Willebrand factor type A (vWA) domain was originally found in the blood coagulation protein von Willebrand factor (vWF). Typically, the vWA domain is made up of approximately 200 amino acid residues folded into a classic a/b para-rossmann type of ...
    2. NM_002209.3NP_002200.2  integrin alpha-L isoform a precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002200.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (a).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK314246, BC008777, CA430398
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS32433.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O43746, P20701, Q45H73, Q96HB1, Q9UBC8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL6
      Related
      ENSP00000349252.5, ENST00000356798.11
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      smart00191
      Location:517569
      Int_alpha; Integrin alpha (beta-propellor repeats)
      cd01469
      Location:155323
      vWA_integrins_alpha_subunit; Integrins are a class of adhesion receptors that link the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton and cooperate with growth factor receptors to promote celll survival, cell cycle progression and cell migration. Integrins consist of an alpha and a beta ...
      pfam08441
      Location:612983
      Integrin_alpha2; Integrin alpha

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000016.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      30472742..30523185
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_005255313.1XP_005255370.1  integrin alpha-L isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL6
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      smart00191
      Location:517569
      Int_alpha; Integrin alpha (beta-propellor repeats)
      cd01469
      Location:155323
      vWA_integrins_alpha_subunit; Integrins are a class of adhesion receptors that link the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton and cooperate with growth factor receptors to promote celll survival, cell cycle progression and cell migration. Integrins consist of an alpha and a beta ...
      pfam08441
      Location:612982
      Integrin_alpha2; Integrin alpha
    2. XM_006721044.2XP_006721107.1  integrin alpha-L isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL6
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      smart00191
      Location:434486
      Int_alpha; Integrin alpha (beta-propellor repeats)
      pfam00357
      Location:10301044
      Integrin_alpha; Integrin alpha cytoplasmic region
      pfam08441
      Location:529900
      Integrin_alpha2; Integrin alpha
      cl00057
      Location:106240
      vWFA; Von Willebrand factor type A (vWA) domain was originally found in the blood coagulation protein von Willebrand factor (vWF). Typically, the vWA domain is made up of approximately 200 amino acid residues folded into a classic a/b para-rossmann type of ...
    3. XM_047434073.1XP_047290029.1  integrin alpha-L isoform X4

    4. XM_047434072.1XP_047290028.1  integrin alpha-L isoform X3

    RNA

    1. XR_950794.2 RNA Sequence

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060940.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      30859706..30910154
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054380265.1XP_054236240.1  integrin alpha-L isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL6
    2. XM_054380266.1XP_054236241.1  integrin alpha-L isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL6
    3. XM_054380268.1XP_054236243.1  integrin alpha-L isoform X4

    4. XM_054380267.1XP_054236242.1  integrin alpha-L isoform X3

    RNA

    1. XR_008489086.1 RNA Sequence