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    APLNR apelin receptor [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 187, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    APLNRprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    apelin receptorprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:339
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000134817 MIM:600052; AllianceGenome:HGNC:339
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    APJ; APJR; HG11; AGTRL1
    Summary
    This gene encodes a member of the G protein-coupled receptor gene family. The encoded protein is related to the angiotensin receptor, but is actually an apelin receptor that inhibits adenylate cyclase activity and plays a counter-regulatory role against the pressure action of angiotensin II by exerting hypertensive effect. It functions in the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, in glucose metabolism, in embryonic and tumor angiogenesis and as a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) coreceptor. Two transcript variants resulting from alternative splicing have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2009]
    Expression
    Biased expression in spleen (RPKM 57.2), placenta (RPKM 39.1) and 11 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See APLNR in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    11q12.1
    Exon count:
    1
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 11 NC_000011.10 (57233591..57237250, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 11 NC_060935.1 (57183042..57186701, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 11 NC_000011.9 (57001065..57004724, complement)

    Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105369309 Neighboring gene olfactory receptor family 5 subfamily BP member 1 pseudogene Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:56891940-56892583 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9255 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr11:56954263-56954427 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8342 Neighboring gene leucine rich repeat containing 55 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:56980775-56981308 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:56981309-56981843 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:57004366-57004998 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:57008040-57008806 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4343 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107984364 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:57051243-57052127 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak1278 silencer Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr11:57067393-57068592 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:57070511-57071048 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:57071049-57071584 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:57071585-57072121 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3343 Neighboring gene tankyrase 1 binding protein 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3344

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env APJ, a seven transmembrane domain G-protein-coupled receptor, functions as a coreceptor for gp120 from some HIV-1 strains; a natural peptide ligand for APJ, apelin-13, efficiently blocks APJ coreceptor activity PubMed
    env Macrophage-tropic HIV-1 can use CCR2b, and to a lesser extent CCR3, STRL33, and APJ, to infect cells; the V1/2 region of HIV-1 gp120 plays a more important role in governing the use of CCR2b, CCR3, STRL33, and APJ than for CXCR4 PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Clone Names

    • FLJ90771, FLJ96609, MGC45246

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables G protein-coupled receptor activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables apelin receptor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables signaling receptor activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in adult heart development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in angiogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in aorta development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in atrioventricular valve development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in blood vessel development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in coronary vasculature development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in endocardial cushion formation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in gastrulation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in heart development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in heart development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in heart looping ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of negative regulation of gene expression ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of angiogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of body fluid levels IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of gap junction assembly ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of gene expression ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in vasculature development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in vasculogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in venous blood vessel development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in ventricular septum morphogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    apelin receptor
    Names
    APJ (apelin) receptor
    APJ receptor
    G protein-coupled receptor APJ
    G-protein coupled receptor HG11
    HG11 orphan receptor
    angiotensin II receptor-like 1
    angiotensin receptor-like 1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_005161.6NP_005152.1  apelin receptor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005152.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the functional protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AP001786
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS7950.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P35414
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RDH3, B3KQN4
      Related
      ENSP00000475344.1, ENST00000606794.2
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd15190
      Location:19320
      7tmA_Apelin_R; apelin receptor, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

    RNA

    1. NR_027991.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate internal segment, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most supported translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC032688, X89271

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000011.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      57233591..57237250 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060935.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      57183042..57186701 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)