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    RARG retinoic acid receptor gamma [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5916, updated on 19-Sep-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    RARGprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    retinoic acid receptor gammaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9866
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000172819 MIM:180190; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9866
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    RARC; NR1B3; RARgamma
    Summary
    This gene encodes a retinoic acid receptor that belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) act as ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators. When bound to ligands, RARs activate transcription by binding as heterodimers to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) found in the promoter regions of the target genes. In their unbound form, RARs repress transcription of their target genes. RARs are involved in various biological processes, including limb bud development, skeletal growth, and matrix homeostasis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
    Expression
    Broad expression in skin (RPKM 47.1), esophagus (RPKM 32.0) and 18 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See RARG in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    12q13.13
    Exon count:
    11
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (53210569..53232209, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (53176168..53197803, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (53604353..53625993, complement)

    Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53552337-53552837 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53553211-53553838 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr12:53559172-53559335 Neighboring gene cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53565297-53565796 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53568663-53569598 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53573975-53574533 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4496 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11900 Neighboring gene zinc finger protein 740 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11320 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6403 Neighboring gene integrin subunit beta 7 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6404 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53609063-53609836 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53610051-53610664 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 13987 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4497 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4498 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4499 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4500 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4501 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53635595-53636507 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC122455340 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6405 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53645725-53646396 Neighboring gene major facilitator superfamily domain containing 5

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Nef nef HIV-1 Nef induces loss of F-actin assembly and inhibits retinoid receptor-mediated transcription PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
     
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables chromatin binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables nuclear receptor activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables nuclear retinoid X receptor binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables zinc ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in Harderian gland development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in anterior/posterior pattern specification IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in canonical Wnt signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell differentiation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to retinoic acid IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in embryonic camera-type eye development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in embryonic eye morphogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in face development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in glandular epithelial cell development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in growth plate cartilage chondrocyte growth IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in multicellular organism growth IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of stem cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in neural tube closure IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of gene expression IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of programmed cell death ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in prostate gland epithelium morphogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of cell size TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of myelination IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in regulation of myeloid cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to retinoic acid IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in stem cell proliferation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in trachea cartilage development IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in chromatin IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in chromatin ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
     
    located_in cytoplasm IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in membrane NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nucleus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    part_of transcription regulator complex ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    retinoic acid receptor gamma
    Names
    RAR-gamma
    nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group B member 3

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029822.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5048..26688
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000966.6NP_000957.1  retinoic acid receptor gamma isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000957.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      BC072462, DA436501
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS8850.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B7Z492, B7Z4F1, B7ZAE4, J3KNP6, P13631, P22932, Q15281, Q52LZ8, Q9BYX8, Q9H1I3, Q9UJ38
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A8K3H3, B7Z4T4
      Related
      ENSP00000388510.2, ENST00000425354.7
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06937
      Location:188418
      NR_LBD_RAR; The ligand binding domain (LBD) of retinoic acid receptor (RAR), a members of the nuclear receptor superfamily
      cd06964
      Location:85165
      NR_DBD_RAR; DNA-binding domain of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
    2. NM_001042728.3NP_001036193.1  retinoic acid receptor gamma isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001036193.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate 5' terminal exon compared to variant 1. This results in translation initiation from an alternate start codon, and a shorter isoform (2) with a distinct N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK297277, AK316259, BC072462, DC294855
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS41790.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z4T4, F1D8P1
      Related
      ENSP00000343698.5, ENST00000338561.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06937
      Location:177407
      NR_LBD_RAR; The ligand binding domain (LBD) of retinoic acid receptor (RAR), a members of the nuclear receptor superfamily
      cd06964
      Location:74154
      NR_DBD_RAR; DNA-binding domain of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
    3. NM_001243730.2NP_001230659.1  retinoic acid receptor gamma isoform 4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230659.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks an exon containing the start codon used in variant 1. This results in translation initiation from an in-frame downstream AUG, and an isoform (4) with a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK297023, BC072462, DA436501
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58236.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z4B4
      Related
      ENSP00000377947.2, ENST00000394426.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06937
      Location:116346
      NR_LBD_RAR; The ligand binding domain (LBD) of retinoic acid receptor (RAR), a members of the nuclear receptor superfamily
      cd06964
      Location:1393
      NR_DBD_RAR; DNA-binding domain of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
    4. NM_001243731.2NP_001230660.1  retinoic acid receptor gamma isoform 5

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230660.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks two consecutive exons compared to variant 1. This results in translation initiation from an in-frame downstream AUG, and an isoform (5) with a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK297110, BC072462
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z4B4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06937
      Location:67297
      NR_LBD_RAR; The ligand binding domain (LBD) of retinoic acid receptor (RAR), a members of the nuclear receptor superfamily
      cl02596
      Location:144
      NR_DBD_like; DNA-binding domain of nuclear receptors is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers
    5. NM_001243732.2NP_001230661.1  retinoic acid receptor gamma isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001230661.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) contains an alternate 5' terminal exon, and lacks another coding exon compared to variant 1. This results in translation initiation from an alternate start codon, and a shorter isoform (3) with a distinct N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK297277, BC072462, DC294855
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58237.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P13631
      Related
      ENSP00000444335.1, ENST00000543726.1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06937
      Location:166396
      NR_LBD_RAR; The ligand binding domain (LBD) of retinoic acid receptor (RAR), a members of the nuclear receptor superfamily
      cl02596
      Location:88146
      NR_DBD_like; DNA-binding domain of nuclear receptors is composed of two C4-type zinc fingers

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      53210569..53232209 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      53176168..53197803 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)