pho pleiohomeotic [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: phoprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: pleiohomeoticprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0002521
Locus tag: Dmel_CG17743
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0002521
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG17743; Dmel\CG17743; dYY1; l(4)102EFc; l(4)29; l(4)BU-2; l(4)OC-1; l(4)pho; Ph; Pho; PHO; PHO/YY1; YY1
Summary: Enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity and chromatin DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including DNA topological change; dendrite morphogenesis; and regulation of gene expression. Located in chromosome and nucleus. Part of Ino80 complex and PcG protein complex. Is expressed in organism. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in congestive heart failure. Orthologous to several human genes including YY1 (YY1 transcription factor). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
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Genomic context

Location:: 102F8-102F8; 4-0 cM

Exon count:: 7

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	4	NC_004353.4 (1172469..1181628, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	4	NC_004353.3 (1193095..1202254, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_004353.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Context-dependent role of Pho binding sites in Polycomb complex recruitment in Drosophila.
Title: Context-dependent role of Pho binding sites in Polycomb complex recruitment in Drosophila.
Differential Contributions of DNA-Binding Proteins to Polycomb Response Element Activity at the Drosophila giant Gene.
Title: Differential Contributions of DNA-Binding Proteins to Polycomb Response Element Activity at the Drosophila giant Gene.
Mutation in the protein-protein interaction domain (REPO domain) of Pho interferes with the dynamics of its interaction with Spt5. The transcriptional kinetics of the heat shock response is negatively affected by a mutation in the REPO domain of Pho
Title: Pho dynamically interacts with Spt5 to facilitate transcriptional switches at the hsp70 locus.
Spt5 interacts both physically and genetically with the Polycomb Group (PcG) protein Pleiohomeotic (Pho)
Title: Pleiohomeotic interacts with the core transcription elongation factor Spt5 to regulate gene expression in Drosophila.
even-skipped genes were misexpressed in pho mutant embryos
Title: The pleiohomeotic functions as a negative regulator of Drosophila even-skipped gene during embryogenesis.
The TF homolog pair Pho/Yy1 seems to play very different roles in PcG targeting between Drosophila and mouse.
Title: Prediction of Polycomb target genes in mouse embryonic stem cells.
CtBP regulates expression of intergenic transcripts that controls DNA binding by PcG proteins and subsequent histone modifications and transcriptional activity.
Title: CtBP levels control intergenic transcripts, PHO/YY1 DNA binding, and PcG recruitment to DNA.
a DNA-binding complex requiring Pho is differentially regulated to facilitate epigenetic transcriptional memory of both the active and the repressed state
Title: The DNA-binding Polycomb-group protein Pleiohomeotic maintains both active and repressed transcriptional states through a single site.
Pho is a general component of the maintenance machinery, since the majority of Pc targets are also associated with Pho (Pleiohomeotic )binding.
Title: Stability and dynamics of polycomb target sites in Drosophila development.
These results suggest that pho functions in maintaining expression of genes involved in the formation of ventral appendages and the proximo-distal axis.
Title: The pleiohomeotic gene is required for maintaining expression of genes functioning in ventral appendage formation in Drosophila melanogaster.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (17)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

mobile_element

Loc: c1173481-1173401 mobile_element_type = transposon:INE-1{}3960
Loc: c1177584-1176573 mobile_element_type = transposon:1360{}1561
Loc: c1178849-1175426 mobile_element_type = transposon:jockey2{}pho[1682]
Loc: c1179346-1179285 mobile_element_type = transposon:HB{}4574
Loc: c1179948-1179703 mobile_element_type = transposon:INE-1{}3961
Loc: c1180890-1180705 mobile_element_type = transposon:INE-1{}3963

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables chromatin DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables chromatin binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in DNA topological change	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in anterior/posterior axis specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in chromatin remodeling	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
involved_in dendrite morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heterochromatin formation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in heterochromatin formation	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of Ino80 complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of PcG protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of PcG protein complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of chromatin	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of chromatin	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in polytene chromosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in polytene chromosome puff	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of transcription regulator complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: pleiohomeotic

Names: CG17743-PA; CG17743-PB; PHO; peiohomeotic; pho-PA; pho-PB; pleihomeotic; pleohomeotic; polyhomeotic

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_004353.4 Reference assembly

Range

1172469..1181628 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_166827.2 → NP_726651.1 pleiohomeotic, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_726651.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V138, O76247, Q6W466, Q6W467, Q6W470, Q6W480, Q6W485, Q8ST83, Q9V4A3

Related

FBpp0088269

Conserved Domains (5) summary

COG5048
Location:386 → 515

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:388 → 408

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam00096
Location:386 → 408

zf-C2H2; Zinc finger, C2H2 type

pfam13465
Location:401 → 426

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain

pfam13963
Location:342 → 382

Transpos_assoc; Transposase-associated domain
NM_079891.3 → NP_524630.1 pleiohomeotic, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_524630.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A4V138, O76247, Q6W466, Q6W467, Q6W470, Q6W480, Q6W485, Q8ST83, Q9V4A3

Related

FBpp0088268

Conserved Domains (5) summary

COG5048
Location:386 → 515

COG5048; FOG: Zn-finger [General function prediction only]

sd00017
Location:388 → 408

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam00096
Location:386 → 408

zf-C2H2; Zinc finger, C2H2 type

pfam13465
Location:401 → 426

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain

pfam13963
Location:342 → 382

Transpos_assoc; Transposase-associated domain