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    PIN4 Auxin efflux carrier family protein [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 814670, updated on 6-Oct-2023

    Summary

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    Gene symbol
    PIN4
    Gene description
    Auxin efflux carrier family protein
    Primary source
    Araport:AT2G01420
    Locus tag
    AT2G01420
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    ARABIDOPSIS PIN-FORMED 4; ATPIN4; AUXIN TRANSPORTER SPLICE VARIANT B; F10A8.27; PIN-FORMED 4
    Summary
    Encodes a putative auxin efflux carrier that is localized in developing and mature root meristems. It is involved in the maintenance of embryonic auxin gradients. A role for AtPIN4 in generating a sink for auxin below the quiescent center of the root meristem that is essential for auxin distribution and patterning is proposed. In the root, PIN4 is detected around the quiescent center and cells surrounding it, and localizes basally in provascular cells. PIN4 expression is upregulated in brassinosteroid-insensitive mutant (PMID 16141452).
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    chromosome: 2
    Exon count:
    6
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 2; NC_003071.7 (180033..183764, complement)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_003071.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene NHL domain-containing protein Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene ncRNA Neighboring gene homeobox-leucine zipper protein 17

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003071.7

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. AtPIN4 mediates sink-driven auxin gradients and root patterning in Arabidopsis. Friml J, et al. Cell, 2002 Mar 8. PMID 11893337
    2. Maintenance of embryonic auxin distribution for apical-basal patterning by PIN-FORMED-dependent auxin transport in Arabidopsis. Weijers D, et al. Plant Cell, 2005 Sep. PMID 16055631, Free PMC Article
    3. The PIN auxin efflux facilitator network controls growth and patterning in Arabidopsis roots. Blilou I, et al. Nature, 2005 Jan 6. PMID 15635403
    4. Cytokinin Targets Auxin Transport to Promote Shoot Branching. Waldie T, et al. Plant Physiol, 2018 Jun. PMID 29717021, Free PMC Article
    5. Antagonistic regulation of PIN phosphorylation by PP2A and PINOID directs auxin flux. Michniewicz M, et al. Cell, 2007 Sep 21. PMID 17889649

    See all (18) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. PIN4 role in shoot branching.
      Title: Cytokinin Targets Auxin Transport to Promote Shoot Branching.
    2. ABA treatment reduced the expression levels of the PIN-FORMEDs (PIN) auxin efflux carriers, PIN1, PIN3, PIN4, and PIN7, to a greater extent in the root meristems of arf2-101 mutant than in the wild type. ARF2 positively mediates the transcripts of transcription factor PLETHORA 1 (PLT1) gene but negatively mediates PLT2 at protein level in root meristems.
      Title: ARF2 coordinates with PLETHORAs and PINs to orchestrate ABA-mediated root meristem activity in Arabidopsis .
    3. Functional interplay between protein kinase CK2 and salicylic acid sustains PIN4 transcriptional expression.
      Title: Functional interplay between protein kinase CK2 and salicylic acid sustains PIN transcriptional expression and root development.
    4. Data show that phototropic hypocotyl bending is strongly dependent on the activity of D6PKs and the PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux facilitators PIN3, PIN4, and PIN7.
      Title: D6PK AGCVIII kinases are required for auxin transport and phototropic hypocotyl bending in Arabidopsis.
    5. NOV is required for cell type-specific expression of PIN4 in the root.
      Title: NO VEIN mediates auxin-dependent specification and patterning in the Arabidopsis embryo, shoot, and root.
    6. PP2A and PINOID both partially colocalize with PINs and act antagonistically on the phosphorylation state of their central hydrophilic loop, hence mediating PIN apical-basal polar targeting.
      Title: Antagonistic regulation of PIN phosphorylation by PP2A and PINOID directs auxin flux.
    7. Data suggest that auxin transport activity, in particular that of the PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) and PIN4 proteins, is a major factor in the maintenance of auxin gradients.
      Title: Maintenance of embryonic auxin distribution for apical-basal patterning by PIN-FORMED-dependent auxin transport in Arabidopsis.
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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    NM_001335061.1
    NM_126203.3
    NM_179592.2

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within auxin polar transport IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within pattern specification process IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within root development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in transmembrane transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in mitochondrion HDA PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    Auxin efflux carrier family protein
    NP_565261.1
    • PIN-FORMED 4 (PIN4); FUNCTIONS IN: auxin:hydrogen symporter activity, transporter activity; INVOLVED IN: root development, pattern specification process, auxin polar transport; LOCATED IN: endomembrane system, integral to membrane; EXPRESSED IN: 27 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 14 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Auxin efflux carrier, subgroup (InterPro:IPR014024), Auxin efflux carrier (InterPro:IPR004776); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Auxin efflux carrier family protein (TAIR:AT1G70940.1); Has 1811 Blast hits to 1602 proteins in 498 species: Archae - 31; Bacteria - 1046; Metazoa - 12; Fungi - 10; Plants - 485; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 227 (source: NCBI BLink).
    NP_849923.1
    • PIN-FORMED 4 (PIN4); FUNCTIONS IN: auxin:hydrogen symporter activity, transporter activity; INVOLVED IN: root development, pattern specification process, auxin polar transport; LOCATED IN: endomembrane system, integral to membrane; EXPRESSED IN: 27 plant structures; EXPRESSED DURING: 14 growth stages; CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Auxin efflux carrier, subgroup (InterPro:IPR014024), Auxin efflux carrier (InterPro:IPR004776); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Auxin efflux carrier family protein (TAIR:AT1G70940.1); Has 1823 Blast hits to 1616 proteins in 502 species: Archae - 31; Bacteria - 1046; Metazoa - 18; Fungi - 10; Plants - 487; Viruses - 2; Other Eukaryotes - 229 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003071.7 Reference assembly

      Range
      180033..183764 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_126203.3 → NP_565261.1  Auxin efflux carrier family protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_565261.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A5S9WWA4, A0A654ER02
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam03547
      Location:451 → 607
      Mem_trans; Membrane transport protein

    2. NM_179592.2 → NP_849923.1  Auxin efflux carrier family protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_849923.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8RWZ6, Q9M7Q6, Q9MAS3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178VZS2, A0A5S9WWA4, A0A654ER02
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam03547
      Location:455 → 611
      Mem_trans; Membrane transport protein

    3. NM_001335061.1 → NP_001323732.1  Auxin efflux carrier family protein [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178W185, A0A1P8AY30
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam03547
      Location:9 → 190
      Mem_trans; Membrane transport protein
      cl22894
      Location:455 → 517
      Mem_trans; Membrane transport protein
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8RWZ6.1

    Gene LinkOut

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