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    DYRK2 dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 8445, updated on 7-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    DYRK2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:3093
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000127334 MIM:603496; AllianceGenome:HGNC:3093
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Summary
    DYRK2 belongs to a family of protein kinases whose members are presumed to be involved in cellular growth and/or development. The family is defined by structural similarity of their kinase domains and their capability to autophosphorylate on tyrosine residues. DYRK2 has demonstrated tyrosine autophosphorylation and catalyzed phosphorylation of histones H3 and H2B in vitro. Two isoforms of DYRK2 have been isolated. The predominant isoform, isoform 1, lacks a 5' terminal insert. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in colon (RPKM 11.8), small intestine (RPKM 10.4) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    12q15
    Exon count:
    3
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (67648745..67665406)
    RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (67628264..67644920)
    105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (68042525..68059186)

    Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:67913523-67914188 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2408 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4640 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6628 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:67948831-67949332 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:67949333-67949832 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2442 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr12:67983387-67983606 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6629 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4641 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4642 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4643 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4644 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6630 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105369816 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902958

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Emerging roles of DYRK2 in cancer. Tandon V, et al. J Biol Chem, 2021 Jan-Jun. PMID 33376136, Free PMC Article
    2. Frequent DYRK2 gene amplification in micropapillary element of lung adenocarcinoma - an implication in progression in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Koike C, et al. Histol Histopathol, 2021 Mar. PMID 33368138
    3. Multiple functions of DYRK2 in cancer and tissue development. Yoshida S, et al. FEBS Lett, 2019 Nov. PMID 31505048
    4. Forced expression of DYRK2 exerts anti-tumor effects via apoptotic induction in liver cancer. Yokoyama-Mashima S, et al. Cancer Lett, 2019 Jun 1. PMID 30851422
    5. Regulation of Glioma Cells Migration by DYRK2. Shen Y, et al. Neurochem Res, 2017 Nov. PMID 28677030

    See all (66) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. FBXW7 tumor suppressor regulation by dualspecificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2.
      Title: FBXW7 tumor suppressor regulation by dualspecificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 2.
    2. Dual inhibition of HSF1 and DYRK2 impedes cancer progression.
      Title: Dual inhibition of HSF1 and DYRK2 impedes cancer progression.
    3. Selective inhibition reveals the regulatory function of DYRK2 in protein synthesis and calcium entry.
      Title: Selective inhibition reveals the regulatory function of DYRK2 in protein synthesis and calcium entry.
    4. Combination of DYRK2 and TERT Expression Is a Powerful Predictive Marker for Early-stage Breast Cancer Recurrence.
      Title: Combination of DYRK2 and TERT Expression Is a Powerful Predictive Marker for Early-stage Breast Cancer Recurrence.
    5. Frequent DYRK2 gene amplification in micropapillary element of lung adenocarcinoma - an implication in progression in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma.
      Title: Frequent DYRK2 gene amplification in micropapillary element of lung adenocarcinoma - an implication in progression in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma.
    6. Emerging roles of DYRK2 in cancer.
      Title: Emerging roles of DYRK2 in cancer.
    7. Impairment of DYRK2 by DNMT1mediated transcription augments carcinogenesis in human colorectal cancer.
      Title: Impairment of DYRK2 by DNMT1‑mediated transcription augments carcinogenesis in human colorectal cancer.
    8. DYRK2 is strongly activated in normal or early-stage tumor cells, where they effectively degrade Snail through betaTrCP-mediated ubiquitination, thus suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
      Title: p38 Stabilizes Snail by Suppressing DYRK2-Mediated Phosphorylation That Is Required for GSK3β-βTrCP-Induced Snail Degradation.
    9. Especially in tumor cells, accumulating studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms of DYRK2 from the aspect of apoptosis, proliferation, EMT, and stem- ness. Considering in vitro and xenograft studies as well as down-regulation of DYRK2 in tumor specimens, DYRK2 is an important candidate for tumor suppressor. [review]
      Title: Multiple functions of DYRK2 in cancer and tissue development.
    10. DYRK2 phosphorylates NDEL1 S336 to prime the phosphorylation of NDEL1 S332 by GSK3beta. The data suggest the NDEL1 phosphorylation at S336/S332 by the TARA-DYRK2-GSK3beta complex as a novel regulatory mechanism underlying neuronal morphogenesis.
      Title: Sequential phosphorylation of NDEL1 by the DYRK2-GSK3β complex is critical for neuronal morphogenesis.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (32)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 upregulates the expression of dual-specificity tyrosine (Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) in human B cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ21217, FLJ21365

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables magnesium ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables manganese ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    enables protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein tyrosine kinase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in DNA damage response IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in peptidyl-serine phosphorylation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    involved_in smoothened signaling pathway IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in cytoskeleton IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of ribonucleoprotein complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    part_of ubiquitin ligase complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2
    Names
    dual specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 2
    NP_003574.1
    NP_006473.2
    XP_016875521.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_003583.4 → NP_003574.1  dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003574.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) does not include the 149 bp insert in the 5' end of the transcript and thus results in a shorter amino-terminal protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC078777, AK025018, BC005809, BC006375, CN303286, DA768075, DB461362
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS8979.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q92630
      Related
      ENSP00000377186.3, ENST00000393555.3
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14224
      Location:83 → 462
      PKc_DYRK2_3; Catalytic domain of the protein kinases, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinases 2 and 3

    2. NM_006482.3 → NP_006473.2  dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006473.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) includes the 149 bp insert in the 5' end of the transcript and thus results in a longer amino-terminal protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC078777, AK025018, BC005809, BC006375, CN303286, DA768075, DB461362
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS8978.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R9V9, Q92630, Q9BRB5
      Related
      ENSP00000342105.4, ENST00000344096.4
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14224
      Location:156 → 535
      PKc_DYRK2_3; Catalytic domain of the protein kinases, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinases 2 and 3

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      67648745..67665406
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_017020032.2 → XP_016875521.1  dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q92630
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd14224
      Location:83 → 462
      PKc_DYRK2_3; Catalytic domain of the protein kinases, Dual-specificity tYrosine-phosphorylated and -Regulated Kinases 2 and 3

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      67628264..67644920
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q92630.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q92630

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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