EFNB2 ephrin B2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: EFNB2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: ephrin B2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:3227
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000125266 MIM:600527; Vega:OTTHUMG00000017324
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: HTKL; EPLG5; Htk-L; LERK5
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNB class ephrin which binds to the EPHB4 and EPHA3 receptors. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in lung (RPKM 8.5), colon (RPKM 7.4) and 23 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all

Genomic context

Location:: 13q33.3

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
109	current	GRCh38.p12 (GCF_000001405.38)	13	NC_000013.11 (106489731..106535040, complement)
105	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	13	NC_000013.10 (107142079..107187388, complement)

Chromosome 13 - NC_000013.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Jun 15 11:32:44 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into FunctionsWhat's a GeneRIF?

This is the novel report describing to demonstrate that the Runx2 expression of MSC is synergistically influenced by the hydrogels elasticity and their manner of ephrinB2 immobilized.
Title: Effect of hydrogel elasticity and ephrinB2-immobilized manner on Runx2 expression of human mesenchymal stem cells.
that expression of EFNB1 and EFNB2 is implicated in Th cell differentiation and migration to inflammatory sites in both EAE and MS
Title: EphrinB1 and EphrinB2 regulate T cell chemotaxis and migration in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis.
the binding of the viral attachment protein G to its host receptor ephrinB2 was studied and showed monomeric and dimeric receptors activate distinct conformational changes in G.
Title: Monomeric ephrinB2 binding induces allosteric changes in Nipah virus G that precede its full activation.
results suggest that ephrin-B2 overexpression and activation of the ephrin-B2 reverse signaling pathway in tumor microenvironment in OSCC facilitates progression and lymph node metastasis via enhancement of malignant potential and interaction with surrounding cells
Title: Ephrin-B2 reverse signaling regulates progression and lymph node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Proteomic analysis of their secretome reveals a signature, including ephrin-B2, that predicts decreased survival of glioma patients. We find that ephrin-B2 is an important pro-angiogenic tenascin-C effector.
Title: Tenascin-C Orchestrates Glioblastoma Angiogenesis by Modulation of Pro- and Anti-angiogenic Signaling.
In human glioblastoma stem-like cells-derived orthotopic xenografts, EFNB2 knock-down blocked tumour initiation and treatment of established tumours with ephrin-B2-blocking antibodies suppressed progression.
Title: EphrinB2 drives perivascular invasion and proliferation of glioblastoma stem-like cells.
roles in stabilizing vascular-like structures generated by stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) and umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)
Title: EphrinB2 Stabilizes Vascularlike Structures Generated by Endothelial Cells and Stem Cells from Apical Papilla.
High EFNB2 expression is associated with preeclampsia.
Title: NOTCH4 signaling controls EFNB2-induced endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction in preeclampsia.
Inhibition of EphB4 forward signaling using soluble EphB4 protein fused with murine serum albumin failed to affect eRMS model tumor progression, but did moderately slow progression in murine aRMS
Title: EphB4/EphrinB2 therapeutics in Rhabdomyosarcoma.
Study shows that EFNB2 is overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and urothelial bladder carcinoma, and its overexpression correlates with poor survival of the cancer patients.
Title: Ephrin-B2 overexpression predicts for poor prognosis and response to therapy in solid tumors.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (86)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Pathways from BioSystems

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Axon guidance, organism-specific biosystem (from KEGG)
Axon guidance, organism-specific biosystemAxon guidance represents a key stage in the formation of neuronal network. Axons are guided by a variety of guidance factors, such as netrins, ephrins, Slits, and semaphorins. These guidance cues are...
Axon guidance, conserved biosystem (from KEGG)
Axon guidance, conserved biosystemAxon guidance represents a key stage in the formation of neuronal network. Axons are guided by a variety of guidance factors, such as netrins, ephrins, Slits, and semaphorins. These guidance cues are...
Axon guidance, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Axon guidance, organism-specific biosystemAxon guidance / axon pathfinding is the process by which neurons send out axons to reach the correct targets. Growing axons have a highly motile structure at the growing tip called the growth cone, w...
Developmental Biology, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Developmental Biology, organism-specific biosystemAs a first step towards capturing the array of processes by which a fertilized egg gives rise to the diverse tissues of the body, examples of three kinds of processes have been annotated. These are a...
EPH-Ephrin signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
EPH-Ephrin signaling, organism-specific biosystemDuring the development process cell migration and adhesion are the main forces involved in morphing the cells into critical anatomical structures. The ability of a cell to migrate to its correct dest...
EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells, organism-specific biosystemDespite high-affinity multimeric interaction between EPHs and ephrins (EFNs), the cellular response to EPH-EFN engagement is usually repulsion between the two cells and signal termination. These repu...
EPHB forward signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
EPHB forward signaling, organism-specific biosystem
EPHB forward signaling
EPHB-mediated forward signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
EPHB-mediated forward signaling, organism-specific biosystemMultiple EPHB receptors contribute directly to dendritic spine development and morphogenesis. These are more broadly involved in post-synaptic development through activation of focal adhesion kinase ...
Ephrin B reverse signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
Ephrin B reverse signaling, organism-specific biosystem
Ephrin B reverse signaling
Ephrin signaling, organism-specific biosystem (from REACTOME)
Ephrin signaling, organism-specific biosystemThe interaction between ephrin (EFN) ligands and EPH receptors results not only in forward signaling through the EPH receptor, but also in 'reverse' signaling through the EFN ligand itself. Reverse s...
EphrinB-EPHB pathway, organism-specific biosystem (from Pathway Interaction Database)
EphrinB-EPHB pathway, organism-specific biosystem
EphrinB-EPHB pathway
Spinal Cord Injury, organism-specific biosystem (from WikiPathways)
Spinal Cord Injury, organism-specific biosystemThis pathway provides an overview of cell types, therapeutic targets, drugs, new proposed targets and pathways implicated in spinal cord injury. Spinal cord injury is a complex multistep process that...

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Efnb2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:495877

EFNB2 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:505379

Efnb2 (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:496712

A004R47 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:40789

D13S501E (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:153227

G20597 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:35489

A005Y24 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:35490

EFNB2_1594 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277190

RH104438 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:98763

RH15749 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:3550

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:481523

RH123297 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:135674

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:482044

Homology

Homologs of the EFNB2 gene: The EFNB2 gene is conserved in chimpanzee, Rhesus monkey, dog, cow, mouse, rat, chicken, zebrafish, and frog.
Orthologs from Annotation Pipeline: 233 organisms have orthologs with human gene EFNB2
The Hierarchical Catalog of Orthologs

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
ephrin receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
ephrin receptor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
protein tyrosine kinase activity	EXP Inferred from Experiment more info	PubMed
virus receptor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
T cell costimulation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
anatomical structure morphogenesis	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
animal organ morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
axon guidance	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
blood vessel morphogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
cell adhesion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
cell-cell signaling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
ephrin receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
ephrin receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
ephrin receptor signaling pathway	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
lymph vessel development	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
negative regulation of keratinocyte proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
negative regulation of neuron projection development	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
nephric duct morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
positive regulation of aorta morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info	PubMed
positive regulation of cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
positive regulation of neuron death	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
presynapse assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
regulation of chemotaxis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
venous blood vessel morphogenesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
viral entry into host cell	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
focal adhesion	HDA more info	PubMed
glutamatergic synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
integral component of plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
integral component of postsynaptic density membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
integral component of presynaptic membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info	PubMed
plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: ephrin-B2

Names: HTK ligand; LERK-5; eph-related receptor tyrosine kinase ligand 5; ligand of eph-related kinase 5

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.