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TARBP1 tRNA guanosine 2 -O-methyltransferase TARBP1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 6894, updated on 18-Nov-2025
Official Symbol
TARBP1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
tRNA guanosine 2 -O-methyltransferase TARBP1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:11568
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000059588 MIM:605052; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11568
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
TRM3; TRMT3; TRP185; TRP-185
Summary
HIV-1, the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), contains an RNA genome that produces a chromosomally integrated DNA during the replicative cycle. Activation of HIV-1 gene expression by the transactivator Tat is dependent on an RNA regulatory element (TAR) located downstream of the transcription initiation site. This element forms a stable stem-loop structure and can be bound by either the protein encoded by this gene or by RNA polymerase II. This protein may act to disengage RNA polymerase II from TAR during transcriptional elongation. Alternatively spliced transcripts of this gene may exist, but their full-length natures have not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 7.3), prostate (RPKM 6.2) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
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See TARBP1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
1q42.2
Exon count:
34
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (234391313..234479179, complement)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (233781469..233869581, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (234527059..234614925, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2747 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2748 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2749 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2750 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S15 pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:234508390-234509214 Neighboring gene COA6 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 6 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1969 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1970 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1971 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1972 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2752 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2753 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12347 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2754 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2755 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2756 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:234657990-234658756 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 10256 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2759 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 14716 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1354 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:234675813-234676316 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:234677690-234678190 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:234678191-234678691 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr1:234689060-234689267 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 4208 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985465

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Related articles in PubMed

  1. 2'-O-methylation within prokaryotic and eukaryotic tRNA inhibits innate immune activation by endosomal Toll-like receptors but does not affect recognition of whole organisms. Freund I, et al. RNA, 2019 Jul. PMID 31019095, Free PMC Article
  2. Crystal structure of the methyltransferase domain of human TARBP1. Wu H, et al. Proteins, 2008 Jul. PMID 18412263
  3. DNA methylation associated with persistent ADHD suggests TARBP1 as novel candidate. Weiß AL, et al. Neuropharmacology, 2021 Feb 15. PMID 33137342
  4. The tRNA Gm18 methyltransferase TARBP1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via metabolic reprogramming of glutamine. Shi X, et al. Cell Death Differ, 2024 Sep. PMID 38867004, Free PMC Article
  5. Expression of protein TARBP1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its prognostic significance. Ye J, et al. Int J Clin Exp Pathol, 2015. PMID 26464651, Free PMC Article

See all (58) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. DNA methylation associated with persistent ADHD suggests TARBP1 as novel candidate.
    Title: DNA methylation associated with persistent ADHD suggests TARBP1 as novel candidate.
  2. TARBP1 is up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma, and the expression of TARBP1 was associated with the pathological grading and clinical stage.
    Title: Expression of protein TARBP1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its prognostic significance.
  3. TARBP1 is positively regulated by MIR10A and MIR21 which are upregulated in heavy drinkers following psychological stress.
    Title: Stress-related alcohol consumption in heavy drinkers correlates with expression of miR-10a, miR-21, and components of the TAR-RNA-binding protein-associated complex.
  4. DGCR8, AGO1, AGO2, PACT, and TARBP1 expression levels were significantly higher in the epithelial skin cancer groups than the healthy controls (P > 0.05).
    Title: Expression levels of the microRNA maturing microprocessor complex component DGCR8 and the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) components argonaute-1, argonaute-2, PACT, TARBP1, and TARBP2 in epithelial skin cancer.
  5. Clinical trial of gene-disease association and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
    Title: Personalized smoking cessation: interactions between nicotine dose, dependence and quit-success genotype score.
  6. Binding of Dicer to TRBPs is critical for RNAi function.
    Title: Characterization of the TRBP domain required for dicer interaction and function in RNA interference.
  7. The crystal structure of methyltransferase domain of human TARBP1 protein in complex with S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy) at 1.6-A resolution, is reported.
    Title: Crystal structure of the methyltransferase domain of human TARBP1.
  8. induces induction of HIV-1 long terminal repeat by human and murine cyclin T1 and requires Sp1.
    Title: Tat and trans-activation-responsive (TAR) RNA-independent induction of HIV-1 long terminal repeat by human and murine cyclin T1 requires Sp1.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genetic correlates of brain aging on MRI and cognitive test measures: a genome-wide association and linkage analysis in the Framingham Study.
EBI GWAS Catalog

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat downregulates TAR (HIV) RNA binding protein 1 in HEK 293T cells PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat regulates the binding of TRP-185 to HIV-1 TAR RNA, which in turn regulates the binding of RNA polymerase II to TAR RNA PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ30482

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables RNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables RNA binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables RNA methyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables methyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables tRNA (guanine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables tRNA (guanine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables tRNA (guanine) methyltransferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables tRNA (guanine) methyltransferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables tRNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables transferase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in RNA processing IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in methylation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in tRNA methylation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in tRNA methylation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in tRNA methylation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in tRNA processing IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in nucleus TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Preferred Names
tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1
Names
TAR (HIV) RNA-binding protein 1
TAR (HIV-1) RNA binding protein 1
TAR RNA loop binding protein
TAR RNA-binding protein 1
TAR RNA-binding protein of 185 kDa
probable methyltransferase TARBP1
tRNA methyltransferase 3 homolog
NP_005637.3
XP_005273291.1
XP_011542565.1
XP_016857683.1
XP_016857685.1
XP_047285016.1
XP_047285017.1
XP_047285023.1
XP_047285024.1
XP_047285028.1
XP_047285029.1
XP_047285035.1
XP_047285036.1
XP_047285047.1
XP_047285053.1
XP_054194473.1
XP_054194474.1
XP_054194475.1
XP_054194476.1
XP_054194477.1
XP_054194478.1
XP_054194479.1
XP_054194480.1
XP_054194481.1
XP_054194482.1
XP_054194483.1
XP_054194484.1
XP_054194485.1
XP_054194486.1

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_005646.4 → NP_005637.3  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005637.3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL136124, AL355472, U38847
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS1601.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q13395, Q9H581
    Related
    ENSP00000040877.1, ENST00000040877.2
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00588
    Location:1464 → 1606
    SpoU_methylase; SpoU rRNA Methylase family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    234391313..234479179 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047429060.1 → XP_047285016.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X3

    Related
    ENSP00000613837.1, ENST00000943778.1

  2. XM_005273234.4 → XP_005273291.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X1

    Related
    ENSP00000540885.1, ENST00000870826.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00588
    Location:1463 → 1605
    SpoU_methylase; SpoU rRNA Methylase family

  3. XM_011544263.3 → XP_011542565.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X2

    Related
    ENSP00000613834.1, ENST00000943775.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00588
    Location:1440 → 1582
    SpoU_methylase; SpoU rRNA Methylase family

  4. XM_047429080.1 → XP_047285036.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X11

  5. XM_047429097.1 → XP_047285053.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X14

  6. XM_017002196.2 → XP_016857685.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X12

  7. XM_047429061.1 → XP_047285017.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X4

  8. XM_047429073.1 → XP_047285029.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X8

  9. XM_047429068.1 → XP_047285024.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X6

  10. XM_047429072.1 → XP_047285028.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X7

  11. XM_047429067.1 → XP_047285023.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X5

  12. XM_047429091.1 → XP_047285047.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X13

  13. XM_047429079.1 → XP_047285035.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X10

  14. XM_017002194.3 → XP_016857683.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X9

RNA

  1. XR_007063103.1 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_949157.3 RNA Sequence

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    233781469..233869581 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054338500.1 → XP_054194475.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X3

  2. XM_054338498.1 → XP_054194473.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X1

  3. XM_054338499.1 → XP_054194474.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X2

  4. XM_054338508.1 → XP_054194483.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X11

  5. XM_054338511.1 → XP_054194486.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X14

  6. XM_054338509.1 → XP_054194484.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X12

  7. XM_054338501.1 → XP_054194476.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X4

  8. XM_054338505.1 → XP_054194480.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X8

  9. XM_054338503.1 → XP_054194478.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X6

  10. XM_054338504.1 → XP_054194479.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X7

  11. XM_054338502.1 → XP_054194477.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X5

  12. XM_054338510.1 → XP_054194485.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X13

  13. XM_054338507.1 → XP_054194482.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X10

  14. XM_054338506.1 → XP_054194481.1  tRNA (guanosine(18)-2'-O)-methyltransferase TARBP1 isoform X9

RNA

  1. XR_008486157.1 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_008486158.1 RNA Sequence

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q13395.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q13395

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