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PRR13 proline rich 13 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 54458, updated on 19-Aug-2025
Official Symbol
PRR13provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
proline rich 13provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:24528
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000205352 MIM:610459; AllianceGenome:HGNC:24528
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
TXR1
Summary
Located in cytosol and nucleoplasm. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jul 2025]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in small intestine (RPKM 163.5), duodenum (RPKM 160.5) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
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See PRR13 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12q13.13
Exon count:
4
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2025_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (53441734..53446638)
RS_2025_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (53407777..53412682)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (53835518..53840422)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4509 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53774734-53775492 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6420 Neighboring gene Sp1 transcription factor Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated cis-regulatory element chr12.1897 Neighboring gene anti-Mullerian hormone receptor type 2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53834490-53835255 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4510 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6422 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4511 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4512 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4513 Neighboring gene poly(rC) binding protein 2 Neighboring gene PCBP2 overlapping transcript 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:53876139-53876652 Neighboring gene mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 12 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4514 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1043 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 4515 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 6423 Neighboring gene TARBP2 subunit of RISC loading complex

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Related articles in PubMed

  1. Txr1: a transcriptional regulator of thrombospondin-1 that modulates cellular sensitivity to taxanes. Lih CJ, et al. Genes Dev, 2006 Aug 1. PMID 16847352, Free PMC Article
  2. New Clues in the Malignant Progression of Glioblastoma: Can the Thioredoxin System Play a Role? Erdi F, et al. Turk Neurosurg, 2018. PMID 28345125
  3. Txr1: an important factor in oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer. Bi J, et al. Med Oncol, 2014 Feb. PMID 24362794
  4. Tumoral expression of TXR1 and TSP1 predicts overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma treated with first-line docetaxel-gemcitabine regimen. Papadaki C, et al. Clin Cancer Res, 2009 Jun 1. PMID 19435835
  5. Predictive value of ATP7b, BRCA1, BRCA2, PARP1, UIMC1 (RAP80), HOXA9, DAXX, TXN (TRX1), THBS1 (TSP1) and PRR13 (TXR1) genes in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who received platinum-taxane first-line therapy. Pontikakis S, et al. Pharmacogenomics J, 2017 Dec. PMID 27779244

See all (23) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. These findings indicate that PRR13/THBS1 and TXN expression could be used for the prediction of resistance to treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer patients.
    Title: Predictive value of ATP7b, BRCA1, BRCA2, PARP1, UIMC1 (RAP80), HOXA9, DAXX, TXN (TRX1), THBS1 (TSP1) and PRR13 (TXR1) genes in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who received platinum-taxane first-line therapy.
  2. In primary glioblastoma samples there was a high expression of TXR1 in cerebral tissue compared to control tissue.
    Title: New Clues in the Malignant Progression of Glioblastoma: Can the Thioredoxin System Play a Role?
  3. High Txr1 expression is associated with oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer.
    Title: Txr1: an important factor in oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer.
  4. Low TXR1 mRNA levels were associated with higher response rate (RR), longer median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (mOS), whereas high TSP1 expression was correlated with higher RR, longer PFS and mOS
    Title: Correlation of BRCA1, TXR1 and TSP1 mRNA expression with treatment outcome to docetaxel-based first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced/metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.
  5. Multivariate analysis showed that high TXR1/low TSP1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for decreased median time to tumor progression (TTP) and median overall survival (mOS).
    Title: Tumoral expression of TXR1 and TSP1 predicts overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma treated with first-line docetaxel-gemcitabine regimen.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ23818, FLJ58476, DKFZp564J157

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
is_active_in nucleoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Preferred Names
proline-rich protein 13
Names
taxane-resistance protein

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001005354.3 → NP_001005354.1  proline-rich protein 13 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001005354.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an in-frame segment in the 5' coding region compared to variant 2. The encoded protein (isoform 2) is shorter than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK074398, BX640962, CN392914
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS31811.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q9NZ81
    Related
    ENSP00000369112.4, ENST00000379786.8

  2. NM_018457.4 → NP_060927.1  proline-rich protein 13 isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_060927.1

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    BC014257, CN392914
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS44899.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    Q0V8U0, Q6FIG7, Q6MZP8, Q6NXQ6, Q6PKF9, Q9NZ81
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    F8VU40
    Related
    ENSP00000412064.2, ENST00000429243.7

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    53441734..53446638
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    53407777..53412682
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_001005355.1: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_001005355.1: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9NZ81.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9NZ81

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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