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NOX4 NADPH oxidase 4 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 50507, updated on 10-Dec-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
NOX4provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
NADPH oxidase 4provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:7891
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000086991 MIM:605261; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7891
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
KOX; KOX-1; RENOX
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the NOX-family of enzymes that functions as the catalytic subunit the NADPH oxidase complex. The encoded protein is localized to non-phagocytic cells where it acts as an oxygen sensor and catalyzes the reduction of molecular oxygen to various reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS generated by this protein have been implicated in numerous biological functions including signal transduction, cell differentiation and tumor cell growth. A pseudogene has been identified on the other arm of chromosome 11. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]
Expression
Biased expression in kidney (RPKM 23.6) and endometrium (RPKM 1.5) See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See NOX4 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
11q14.3
Exon count:
26
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 11 NC_000011.10 (89324353..89589557, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 11 NC_060935.1 (89244014..89509286, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 11 NC_000011.9 (89057521..89322725, complement)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene glutamate metabotropic receptor 5 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 16, pseudogene Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:88521820-88522321 Neighboring gene tyrosinase 5' upstream regulatory sequence Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:88914222-88914816 Neighboring gene tyrosinase Neighboring gene CBX3 pseudogene 7 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6977 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:89189921-89190421 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:89224088-89224794 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:89224795-89225501 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:89304186-89305004 Neighboring gene H3 histone pseudogene 34 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 15382 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902843 Neighboring gene folate hydrolase 1B (pseudogene)

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Common genetic loci influencing plasma homocysteine concentrations and their effect on risk of coronary artery disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population.
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Knockdown of NOX2 and NOX4 by siRNA abrogates HIV-1 gp120-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), suggesting that NOX2 and NOX4 are involved in ROS production through CYP2E1 in astrocytes PubMed
env HIV-1 gp120 binding to CXCR4 induces NADPH oxidase-mediated production of superoxide radicals in neurons, which is involved in the activation of neutral sphingomyelinase PubMed
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp160 inhibits the cellular immune response and enhances oxidative stress mediated by NADPH oxidase PubMed
Nef nef NADPH oxidase is required for HIV-1 Nef-induced ROS production and endothelial apoptosis in human coronary arterial endothelial cells PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat C downregulates the expression of miR-17 to increase the expression of NOX2 and NOX4; overexpression of miR-17 inhibits NOX2 and NOX4 expression in human microglial cells PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat C upregulates NOX2 and NOX4 expression and increases ROS production in human brain cells PubMed
tat PDGF-BB inhibits NADPH oxidase-mediated reactive oxygen species production induced by HIV-1 Tat and morphine treatment in neuroblastoma cells PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat increases CXCL10 expression in IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha stimulated human astrocytes via NADPH oxidase PubMed
tat Knocking down oxidase Nox4 completely suppresses Tat-dependent Ras and ERK activation downstream of Rac1 and RhoA and blocks Tat-dependent proliferation PubMed
tat NOX4-mediated K-Ras activation on the ER endomembrane results in Tat-induced unfolded-protein response PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables NAD(P)H oxidase H2O2-forming activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables NAD(P)H oxidase H2O2-forming activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables NAD(P)H oxidase H2O2-forming activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables NADPH oxidase H202-forming activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables electron transfer activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables heme binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables heme binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables modified amino acid binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables nucleotide binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables oxygen sensor activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
PubMed 
enables protein tyrosine kinase binding ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
enables superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
NOT enables superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables superoxide-generating NAD(P)H oxidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
enables superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in bone resorption IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cardiac muscle cell differentiation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in cell morphogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to glucose stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in defense response IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in gene expression IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in heart process IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
PubMed 
involved_in homocysteine metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
involved_in inflammatory response TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of cell population proliferation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in superoxide anion generation IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in superoxide anion generation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
involved_in superoxide metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of NADPH oxidase complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in focal adhesion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
located_in mitochondrion ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
located_in nucleolus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in nucleolus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in nucleus ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
located_in perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
NADPH oxidase 4
Names
kidney oxidase-1
kidney superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase
renal NAD(P)H-oxidase
NP_001137308.2
NP_001137309.2
NP_001278855.2
NP_001278856.1
NP_001278858.2
NP_001287924.1
NP_058627.2
XP_016873332.1
XP_054224983.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001143836.3NP_001137308.2  NADPH oxidase 4 isoform b

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (NOX4B), lacks an exon in the coding region compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) is shorter compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AP001815, AP002404
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS44695.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KQ17
    Related
    ENSP00000436892.1, ENST00000534731.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06186
    Location:319537
    NOX_Duox_like_FAD_NADP; NADPH oxidase (NOX) catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. ROS were originally identified as bactericidal agents in phagocytes, but are now also implicated in cell signaling and metabolism. NOX ...
    pfam01794
    Location:69204
    Ferric_reduct; Ferric reductase like transmembrane component
  2. NM_001143837.2NP_001137309.2  NADPH oxidase 4 isoform c

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and coding region compared to variant 1. These differences cause translation initiation at a downstream AUG and result in a protein (isoform c) with a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AP001815, AP002404, AP003400
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS44696.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KQ17
    Related
    ENSP00000412446.1, ENST00000424319.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06186
    Location:295553
    NOX_Duox_like_FAD_NADP; NADPH oxidase (NOX) catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. ROS were originally identified as bactericidal agents in phagocytes, but are now also implicated in cell signaling and metabolism. NOX ...
    PLN02844
    Location:45455
    PLN02844; oxidoreductase/ferric-chelate reductase
  3. NM_001291926.2NP_001278855.2  NADPH oxidase 4 isoform d

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in its 5' UTR, and uses a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (d) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AP001815, AP002404
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z529
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06186
    Location:245503
    NOX_Duox_like_FAD_NADP; NADPH oxidase (NOX) catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. ROS were originally identified as bactericidal agents in phagocytes, but are now also implicated in cell signaling and metabolism. NOX ...
    pfam01794
    Location:17130
    Ferric_reduct; Ferric reductase like transmembrane component
  4. NM_001291927.1NP_001278856.1  NADPH oxidase 4 isoform e

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (e) has a longer and distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AB041035, AK298328, AP001815, AP002404
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z523
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06186
    Location:332598
    NOX_Duox_like_FAD_NADP; NADPH oxidase (NOX) catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. ROS were originally identified as bactericidal agents in phagocytes, but are now also implicated in cell signaling and metabolism. NOX ...
    pfam01794
    Location:90225
    Ferric_reduct; Ferric reductase like transmembrane component
  5. NM_001291929.2NP_001278858.2  NADPH oxidase 4 isoform f

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (6) differs in the 5' UTR and 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (f) has a shorter and distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AP001815, AP002404
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS73362.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z529, E9PPP2
    Related
    ENSP00000436970.1, ENST00000528341.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06186
    Location:294552
    NOX_Duox_like_FAD_NADP; NADPH oxidase (NOX) catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. ROS were originally identified as bactericidal agents in phagocytes, but are now also implicated in cell signaling and metabolism. NOX ...
    PLN02844
    Location:44454
    PLN02844; oxidoreductase/ferric-chelate reductase
  6. NM_001300995.1NP_001287924.1  NADPH oxidase 4 isoform g

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001287924.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (8) differs in the 5' UTR and coding sequence and lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (g) is shorter at the N-terminus and lacks an alternate internal segment compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK057189, AK291830, AK298323, AP001815
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS73361.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KQ17
    Related
    ENSP00000434924.1, ENST00000532825.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06186
    Location:295513
    NOX_Duox_like_FAD_NADP; NADPH oxidase (NOX) catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. ROS were originally identified as bactericidal agents in phagocytes, but are now also implicated in cell signaling and metabolism. NOX ...
    pfam01794
    Location:45180
    Ferric_reduct; Ferric reductase like transmembrane component
  7. NM_016931.5NP_058627.2  NADPH oxidase 4 isoform a

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AP001815, AP002404
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8285.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K715, B7Z520, E7EMD7, Q5K3R4, Q5K3R5, Q5K3R6, Q5K3R8, Q7Z7G3, Q86V92, Q9NPH5
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KQ17
    Related
    ENSP00000263317.4, ENST00000263317.9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd06186
    Location:319577
    NOX_Duox_like_FAD_NADP; NADPH oxidase (NOX) catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. ROS were originally identified as bactericidal agents in phagocytes, but are now also implicated in cell signaling and metabolism. NOX ...
    cl26813
    Location:69479
    PLN02844; oxidoreductase/ferric-chelate reductase

RNA

  1. NR_120406.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (7) lacks several exons and uses an alternate 3'-terminal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the predicted protein does not meet RefSeq quality criteria.
    Source sequence(s)
    AB041035, AP002404, BC051371

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000011.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    89324353..89589557 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_017017843.3XP_016873332.1  NADPH oxidase 4 isoform X1

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060935.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    89244014..89509286 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054369008.1XP_054224983.1  NADPH oxidase 4 isoform X1