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IDO1 indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 3620, updated on 27-Nov-2024

Summary

Official Symbol
IDO1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:6059
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000131203 MIM:147435; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6059
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
IDO; INDO; IDO-1
Summary
This gene encodes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) - a heme enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in tryptophan catabolism to N-formyl-kynurenine. This enzyme acts on multiple tryptophan substrates including D-tryptophan, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-tryptophan, tryptamine, and serotonin. This enzyme is thought to play a role in a variety of pathophysiological processes such as antimicrobial and antitumor defense, neuropathology, immunoregulation, and antioxidant activity. Through its expression in dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages this enzyme modulates T-cell behavior by its peri-cellular catabolization of the essential amino acid tryptophan.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
Expression
Biased expression in placenta (RPKM 49.9), lymph node (RPKM 25.9) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See IDO1 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
8p11.21
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 8 NC_000008.11 (39913891..39928790)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 8 NC_060932.1 (40190729..40205625)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 8 NC_000008.10 (39771410..39786309)

Chromosome 8 - NC_000008.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene ADAM metallopeptidase domain 2 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L7a pseudogene 80 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 12355 Neighboring gene polo like kinase 4 pseudogene Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:39807747-39808491 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27278 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27279 Neighboring gene indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr8:39835255-39836184 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr8:39836330-39836562 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1248 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 27280 Neighboring gene nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta pseudogene

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 upregulates the expression of indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase (INDO) in human B cells PubMed
env CCR5- or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 induce the release of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and this induction is inhibited by the blockade of HIV-1 gp120 interaction with CD4 by anti-CD4-Ab PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 and the viral protein Tat modulate the expression of indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO1) in immature dendritic cells and monocyte-derived macrophages PubMed
tat HIV-1 clade B Tat up-regulates IDO and down-regulates serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene and protein expressions in immature dendritic cells PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat-treated human monocyte derived-dendritic cells inhibit CD4+ T cell proliferation in an IDO dependent mechanism PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of IDO production requires the activity of IFN-gamma signaling pathway such as JAK and PI3K in human monocyte derived-dendritic cells PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO1) expression in Jurkat T-cells PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates the expression of indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) mRNA in monocytes. The synthesis of IDO is greatly reduced in the presence of neutralizing anti-TNF antibodies PubMed
Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr potentiates the suppression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase by glucocorticoids via the glucocorticoid receptor pathway PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

Markers

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables electron transfer activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
enables heme binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
enables indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
enables tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in 'de novo' NAD biosynthetic process from tryptophan IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in T cell proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in female pregnancy TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in inflammatory response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in kynurenic acid biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in multicellular organismal response to stress IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of T cell apoptotic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of T cell proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in negative regulation of interleukin-10 production IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-12 production IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in positive regulation of type 2 immune response IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in quinolinate biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
NOT involved_in regulation of activated T cell proliferation IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
PubMed 
involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in swimming behavior IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
involved_in tryptophan catabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
PubMed 
involved_in tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
involved_in tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 
located_in smooth muscle contractile fiber IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 
located_in stereocilium bundle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
 

General protein information

Preferred Names
indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1
Names
indolamine 2,3 dioxygenase
indole 2,3-dioxygenase
indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase
NP_002155.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_028155.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5083..19982
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_002164.6NP_002155.1  indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002155.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    BC027882, BF094375, CD366252
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS47847.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    E5RGR8, F6M9T7, P14902, Q540B4
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A348GSI3
    Related
    ENSP00000430950.1, ENST00000518237.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam01231
    Location:14398
    IDO; Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000008.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    39913891..39928790
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060932.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    40190729..40205625
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)