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    MIF macrophage migration inhibitory factor [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 4282, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    MIFprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    macrophage migration inhibitory factorprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:7097
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000240972 MIM:153620; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7097
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    GIF; GLIF; MMIF
    Summary
    This gene encodes a lymphokine involved in cell-mediated immunity, immunoregulation, and inflammation. It plays a role in the regulation of macrophage function in host defense through the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. This lymphokine and the JAB1 protein form a complex in the cytosol near the peripheral plasma membrane, which may indicate an additional role in integrin signaling pathways. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Broad expression in kidney (RPKM 164.4), prostate (RPKM 93.1) and 21 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See MIF in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    22q11.23
    Exon count:
    3
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 22 NC_000022.11 (23894383..23895223)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 22 NC_060946.1 (24338982..24339822)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 22 NC_000022.10 (24236570..24237410)

    Chromosome 22 - NC_000022.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene SWI/SNF related BAF chromatin remodeling complex subunit B1 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr22:24181116-24181418 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24184397-24184954 Neighboring gene skeletal muscle cis-regulatory module in DERL3 and SLC2A11 intergenic region Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24189965-24190722 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24190723-24191478 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24191479-24192234 Neighboring gene derlin 3 Neighboring gene solute carrier family 2 member 11 Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 268, pseudogene Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 10281 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24236245-24237052 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24237053-24237860 Neighboring gene MIF antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24249031-24249876 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24250723-24251567 Neighboring gene KLHL5 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene glutathione S-transferase theta-4-like

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis
    MedGen: C1858558 OMIM: 604302 GeneReviews: Not available
    Compare labs

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide association study identifies loci influencing concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Nef nef HIV-1 Nef specifically incorporates CSF2, PPBP (NAP2), CCL5, TNF, FAS, CXCL1, IL12B, MIF and OSM into plasma extracellular vesicles from HIV-1 infected patient samples PubMed
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene (glycosylation-inhibiting factor, MIF) in mammary epithelial cells PubMed
    Vpr vpr Treatment of human primary astrocytes with HIV-1 Vpr upregulates secretion of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and MIF and downregulates secretion of serpin E1, a serine proteinase inhibitor (known as PAI-1) PubMed
    Vpu vpu HIV-1 Vpu-expressing U937 monocytes coculture with LX2 stellate cells to upregulate expression of profibrogenic markers COL-1, PCT, SMA-1, VEGF, and MMP2, which is inhibited by MIF treatment PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables chemoattractant activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables cytokine activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables cytokine activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables cytokine receptor binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables cytokine receptor binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables dopachrome isomerase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protease binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in carboxylic acid metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell surface receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cellular senescence IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in inflammatory response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in innate immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of cell migration IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of cellular senescence IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of gene expression IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of macrophage chemotaxis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in negative regulation of protein metabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive chemotaxis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of B cell proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of MAP kinase activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of arachidonate secretion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cAMP/PKA signal transduction IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of cytokine production IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte cytokine production involved in immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of phosphorylation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion involved in immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in prostaglandin biosynthetic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein homotrimerization IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of macrophage activation NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    macrophage migration inhibitory factor
    Names
    L-dopachrome isomerase
    L-dopachrome tautomerase
    epididymis secretory sperm binding protein
    macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting factor)
    phenylpyruvate tautomerase
    NP_002406.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_012099.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5006..5846
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_002415.2NP_002406.1  macrophage migration inhibitory factor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002406.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AP000350
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS13819.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A5Z1R8, B2R4S3, P14174, Q2V4Y5, Q6FHV0
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A6MUU8, I4AY87
      Related
      ENSP00000215754.7, ENST00000215754.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam01187
      Location:2115
      MIF; Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000022.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      23894383..23895223
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

    Genomic

    1. NT_187633.1 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

      Range
      130745..131585
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060946.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      24338982..24339822
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)