RRAS2 RAS related 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: RRAS2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: RAS related 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:17271
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000133818 MIM:600098; AllianceGenome:HGNC:17271
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: NS12; TC21
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the R-Ras subfamily of Ras-like small GTPases. The encoded protein associates with the plasma membrane and may function as a signal transducer. This protein may play an important role in activating signal transduction pathways that control cell proliferation. Mutations in this gene are associated with the growth of certain tumors. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 1 and 2. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in small intestine (RPKM 12.4), kidney (RPKM 11.9) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11p15.2

Exon count:: 14

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2025_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	11	NC_000011.10 (14277920..14364506, complement)
RS_2025_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	11	NC_060935.1 (14373520..14459786, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	11	NC_000011.9 (14299466..14386052, complement)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Unmutated RRAS2 emerges as a key oncogene in post-partum-associated triple negative breast cancer.
Title: Unmutated RRAS2 emerges as a key oncogene in post-partum-associated triple negative breast cancer.
Characterization of Three Somatic Mutations in the 3'UTR of RRAS2 and Their Inverse Correlation with Lymphocytosis in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
Title: Characterization of Three Somatic Mutations in the 3'UTR of RRAS2 and Their Inverse Correlation with Lymphocytosis in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
The RRAS2 pathogenic variant (c.67G>T; p. Gly23Cys) produces Noonan syndrome with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
Title: The RRAS2 pathogenic variant (c.67G>T; p. Gly23Cys) produces Noonan syndrome with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
MicroRNA-23b Plays a Tumor-Suppressive Role in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Targets Ras-Related Protein RRAS2.
Title: MicroRNA-23b Plays a Tumor-Suppressive Role in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Targets Ras-Related Protein RRAS2.
Characterization of mutant versions of the R-RAS2/TC21 GTPase found in tumors.
Title: Characterization of mutant versions of the R-RAS2/TC21 GTPase found in tumors.
R-Ras subfamily proteins elicit distinct physiologic effects and phosphoproteome alterations in neurofibromin-null MPNST cells.
Title: R-Ras subfamily proteins elicit distinct physiologic effects and phosphoproteome alterations in neurofibromin-null MPNST cells.
RRAS2 knockdown suppresses osteosarcoma progression by inactivating the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
Title: RRAS2 knockdown suppresses osteosarcoma progression by inactivating the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
Germline-Activating RRAS2 Mutations Cause Noonan Syndrome.
Title: Germline-Activating RRAS2 Mutations Cause Noonan Syndrome.
Activating Mutations of RRAS2 Cause Noonan Syndrome.
Title: Activating Mutations of RRAS2 Are a Rare Cause of Noonan Syndrome.
Equilibrium dissociation constants were determined for the binding of HRAS, KRAS, NRAS and RRAS2 to the RAS binding (RB) domain of binding proteins.
Title: The RAS-Effector Interface: Isoform-Specific Differences in the Effector Binding Regions.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (19)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Desbuquois dysplasia 2 MedGen: C4014294 OMIM: 615777 GeneReviews: Not available	Compare labs
Noonan syndrome 12 MedGen: C5231432 OMIM: 618624 GeneReviews: Noonan Syndrome	Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association study in the genetic analysis of idiopathic thrombophilia project suggests sex-specific regulation of mitochondrial DNA levels. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study of the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed
Genome-wide association study of vitamin D levels in children: replication in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) study. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interaction	Pubs
Knockdown of related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 2 (RRAS2) by shRNA library screening inhibits HIV-1 replication in cultured Jurkat T-cells	PubMed

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH80353 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:92463

RH40056 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:85592

D11S1068 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:13451

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables G protein activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables GTPase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables hydrolase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables nucleotide binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Ras protein signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in Ras protein signal transduction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within Ras protein signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in Ras protein signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in osteoblast differentiation	HDA more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in Golgi membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in focal adhesion	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: ras-related protein R-Ras2

Names: ras-like protein TC21; related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 2; teratocarcinoma oncogene

NP_001096139.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001170785.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001170786.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001427637.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001427638.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001427639.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001427640.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001427641.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001427642.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001427643.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_001427644.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NP_036382.2

EC 3.6.5.2

XP_047282523.1

EC 3.6.5.2

XP_047282524.1

EC 3.6.5.2

XP_054224024.1

EC 3.6.5.2

XP_054224025.1

EC 3.6.5.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_017058.1 RefSeqGene

Range

10324..91585

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001102669.3 → NP_001096139.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform b

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001096139.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084

Consensus CDS

CCDS44544.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P62070

Related

ENSP00000434104.1, ENST00000526063.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl38936
Location:1 → 99

P-loop_NTPase; P-loop containing Nucleoside Triphosphate Hydrolases
NM_001177314.2 → NP_001170785.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform c

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001170785.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AA873016, AK300103, BQ020351, BQ023701

Consensus CDS

CCDS53603.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

E9PK85

Related

ENSP00000437547.1, ENST00000537760.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl38936
Location:2 → 141

P-loop_NTPase; P-loop containing Nucleoside Triphosphate Hydrolases
NM_001177315.2 → NP_001170786.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform b

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001170786.1

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084

Consensus CDS

CCDS44544.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P62070

Related

ENSP00000431954.1, ENST00000532814.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cl38936
Location:1 → 99

P-loop_NTPase; P-loop containing Nucleoside Triphosphate Hydrolases
NM_001440708.1 → NP_001427637.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform d

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084
NM_001440709.1 → NP_001427638.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform e

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084
NM_001440710.1 → NP_001427639.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform e

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084
NM_001440711.1 → NP_001427640.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform f

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084
NM_001440712.1 → NP_001427641.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform b

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084
NM_001440713.1 → NP_001427642.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform b

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084
NM_001440714.1 → NP_001427643.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform b

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084
NM_001440715.1 → NP_001427644.1 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform b

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AC011084
NM_012250.6 → NP_036382.2 ras-related protein R-Ras2 isoform a

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_036382.2

Status: REVIEWED

Source sequence(s)

AA873016, AK309683, AK313976, BQ020351, BQ023701

Consensus CDS

CCDS7814.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B2R9Z3, B7Z5Z2, B7Z6C4, B7Z7H6, P17082, P62070

Related

ENSP00000256196.4, ENST00000256196.9

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd04145
Location:13 → 176

M_R_Ras_like; R-Ras2/TC21, M-Ras/R-Ras3